Table 1.
Demographical Characteristics for all participants in this study by Gender.
| Groups | Total | DM | Non-DM | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, n (%) | 3,725 (100) | 533 (100) | 3,192 (100) | 0.719 |
| Men | 1,536 (41.2) | 216 (40.5) | 1,320 (41.4) | |
| Women | 2,189 (58.8) | 317 (59.5) | 1,872 (58.6) | |
| Age, means (SD), years | 59.96 (9.68) | 61.80 (9.46) | 59.65 (9.68) | <0.001 |
| Age group, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| 45~54 years | 1,204 (32.3) | 129 (24.2) | 1,075 (33.7) | |
| 55~64 years | 1,495 (40.1) | 218 (40.9) | 1,277 (40.0) | |
| 65~74 years | 716 (19.2) | 136 (25.5) | 580 (18.2) | |
| ≥75 years | 310 (8.3) | 50 (9.4) | 260 (8.4) | |
| Education, means (SD), years | 5.48 (3.54) | 4.98 (3.61) | 5.56 (3.52) | <0.001 |
| Education, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| 0 years | 650 (17.4) | 113 (21.2) | 537 (16.8) | |
| 1~6 years | 1,666 (44.7) | 253 (47.5) | 1,413 (44.3) | |
| > 6 years | 1,409 (37.8) | 167 (31.3) | 1,242 (38.9) | |
| SBP, means (SD), mmHg | 146.51 (22.11) | 153.45 (21.74) | 145.35 (21.96) | <0.001 |
| DBP, means (SD), mmHg | 86.84 (11.37) | 87.91 (10.60) | 86.66 (11.49) | 0.013 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 2,549 (68.4) | 445 (83.5) | 2,104 (65.9) | |
| No | 1,176 (31.6) | 88 (16.5) | 1,088 (34.1) | |
| Blood pressure level group, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Normal BP | 1,176 (33.3) | 88 (17.6) | 1,088 (35.8) | |
| Stage I hypertension | 1,264 (35.8) | 198 (39.7) | 1,066 (35.1) | |
| Stage II hypertension | 831 (23.5) | 164 (32.9) | 667 (22.0) | |
| Stage III hypertension | 263 (7.4) | 49 (9.8) | 214 (7.1) | |
| BMI, means (SD), years | <0.001 | |||
| BMI group, n (%) | 25.57 (3.68) | 26.81 (3.74) | 25.36 (3.62) | <0.001 |
| Normal weight | 1,275 (34.2) | 111 (20.8) | 1,164 (36.5) | |
| Over-weight | 1,572 (42.2) | 246 (46.2) | 1,326 (41.5) | |
| Obesity | 878 (23.6) | 176 (33.0) | 702 (22.0) | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.296 | |||
| Never smoking | 2,790 (74.9) | 407 (76.4) | 2,383 (74.7) | |
| Ever smoking | 171 (4.6) | 27 (5.1) | 144 (4.5) | |
| Current smoking | 764 (20.5) | 99 (18.6) | 665 (20.8) | |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 0.290 | |||
| Never drinking | 3,143 (84.4) | 456 (85.6) | 2,687 (84.2) | |
| Ever drinking | 46 (1.2) | 10 (1.9) | 36 (1.1) | |
| Current drinking | 536 (14.4) | 67 (12.6) | 469 (14.7) |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index.