Table 1.
Results of linear mixed effect models for differences between early and late snowmelt areas of single plant traits for each study species across the four study sites.
| Trait | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Species | N. of sites | H | LA | SLA | LDMC | LNC | LPC | N:P | SN | SM |
| Poa alpina | 4 | ns | ns | ns | L∗ | E∗∗∗ | ns | E† | L∗∗∗ | E∗∗ |
| Salix herbacea | 3 | ns | ns | ns | ns | ns | L∗∗∗ | E∗∗∗ | L∗∗ | ns |
| Salix retusa | 2 | L∗∗∗ | L∗∗∗ | E∗∗∗ | ns | L∗∗ | ns | ns | L† | ns |
| Veronica alpina | 3 | E† | ns | E∗∗ | L∗∗∗ | ns | ns | E∗ | L∗ | ns |
| Gnaphalium supinum | 2 | L∗∗∗ | L∗ | ns | L∗∗ | E† | ns | ns | L∗∗∗ | E∗∗∗ |
| Leucanthemopsis alpina | 2 | E† | L∗ | E∗∗∗ | L∗∗∗ | ns | E∗∗ | L∗ | L∗∗∗ | L∗ |
| Polygonum viviparum | 2 | ns | L∗∗ | L∗ | E∗∗∗ | L† | L∗∗ | E∗∗ | – | – |
H, plant height; LA, leaf area; SLA, specific leaf area; LDMC, leaf dry matter content; LNC, leaf nitrogen content; LPC, leaf phosphorus content; N:P, N:P ratio; SN, seed number; SM, seed mass. The species were sampled at two to four sites depending on their occurrence. Capital letters indicate significantly higher values in early (E) or late (L) snowmelt areas. Significance levels are: (∗∗∗) P < 0.001; (∗∗) P < 0.01; (∗) P < 0.05; (†) marginally significant, P < 0.1; ns = not significant. SN and SM were not determined for P. viviparum because this species does not form seeds.