Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of cancer patients who underwent intubation in the emergency department.
| Total (N = 212) | Non-lung cancer patients | Lung cancer patients† | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without metastasis (n = 43) | With metastasis (n = 68) | Without metastasis (n = 21) | With metastasis (n = 80) | |||
| Age, years | 66 (56–74) | 66 (58–75) | 64 (55–73) | 69 (63–78) | 65 (55–74) | 0.240 |
| Sex, male | 133 (62.7) | 28 (65.1) | 33 (48.5) | 16 (76.2) | 56 (70.0) | 0.024 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 22.4 (20.1–24.6) | 21.7 (19.6–24.7) | 22.2 (19.2–24.6) | 22.2 (21.0–25.0) | 22.7 (20.7–24.3) | 0.743 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 45 (21.2) | 15 (34.9) | 10 (14.7) | 5 (23.8) | 15 (18.8) | 0.075 |
| Hypertension | 61 (28.8) | 11 (25.6) | 20 (29.4) | 7 (33.3) | 23 (28.8) | 0.932 |
| Chronic liver disease | 17 (8.0) | 9 (20.9) | 4 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 4 (5.0) | 0.005 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 15 (7.1) | 2 (4.7) | 5 (7.4) | 2 (9.5) | 6 (7.5) | 0.895 |
| Chronic lung disease | 13 (6.1) | 4 (9.3) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (14.3) | 5 (6.3) | 0.125 |
| Site of primary malignancy | — | |||||
| GI system | 27 (12.7) | 11 (25.6) | 16 (23.5) | |||
| HBP system | 26 (12.3) | 10 (23.3) | 16 (23.5) | |||
| GU system | 19 (9.0) | 7 (16.3) | 12 (17.6) | |||
| Others | 39 (18.4) | 15 (34.9) | 24 (35.3) | |||
| Metastasis | ||||||
| Number of metastasis | ||||||
| 1 | 70 (33.0) | — | 38 (55.8) | — | 33 (41.2) | |
| 2 | 48 (22.6) | — | 22 (32.4) | — | 26 (32.5) | |
| 3 | 22 (10.4) | — | 8 (11.8) | — | 14 (17.5) | |
| 4 | 7 (3.3) | — | 0 (0) | — | 7 (8.8) | |
| Site of metastasis | ||||||
| Brain | 39 (18.4) | — | 5 (7.4) | — | 34 (42.5) | |
| Thorax | 81 (38.2) | — | 28 (41.2) | — | 53 (66.2) | |
| Abdomen | 74 (34.9) | — | 44 (64.7) | — | 30 (37.5) | |
| Bone | 49 (23.1) | — | 17 (25.0) | — | 32 (40.0) | |
| Others | 17 (8.0) | — | 11 (16.2) | — | 6 (7.5) | |
| Performance status | 0.545 | |||||
| <2 | 91 (42.9) | 19 (44.2) | 27 (39.7) | 12 (57.1) | 33 (41.3) | |
| ≥2 | 121 (57.1) | 24 (55.8) | 41 (60.3) | 9 (42.9) | 47 (58.7) | |
| Disease status | <0.001 | |||||
| Complete remission | 25 (11.8) | 16 (37.2) | 3 (4.5) | 6 (28.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
| New or first recurrence | 36 (17.1) | 12 (27.9) | 10 (14.9) | 5 (23.8) | 9 (11.2) | |
| Partial response or stable disease | 55 (26.1) | 9 (20.9) | 20 (29.9) | 8 (38.1) | 18 (22.5) | |
| Progressive disease | 95 (45.0) | 6 (14.0) | 35 (51.5) | 2 (9.5) | 53 (66.2) | |
| Ongoing treatment plan | 164 (77.4) | 32 (74.4) | 45 (66.2) | 19 (90.5) | 68 (85.0) | 0.020 |
| Laboratory findings | ||||||
| White blood cell, mm3* | 9.8 (4.4–15.8) | 9.1 (5.8–13.4) | 9.9 (1.9–18.3) | 10.9 (1.2–15.2) | 11.4 (5.1–16.6) | 0.652 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/L* | 10.2 (3.9–21.0) | 4.1 (0.2–10.1) | 11.1 (4.7–22.1) | 14.0 (8.7–24.5) | 12.4 (7.0–24.8) | <0.001 |
| Lactate, mmol/L* | 4.4 (2.2–8.8) | 5.2 (2.1–9.7) | 5.2 (2.7–9.8) | 3.5 (2.3–5.2) | 4.2 (2.2–8.9) | 0.292 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/mL* | 1.6 (0.4–18.4) | 1.8 (0.3–14.6) | 7.2 (0.9–31.0) | 0.5 (0.2–1.6) | 1.4 (0.5–10.9) | 0.050 |
| PF ratio* | 255 (124–415) | 276 (114–439) | 302 (154–450) | 235 (146–341) | 223 (114–374) | 0.324 |
| SOFA score | 5 (3–9) | 7 (4–12) | 6 (4–9) | 4 (3–8) | 5 (3–7) | 0.014 |
Data are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range).
GI, gastrointestinal; HBP, hepato-biliary-pancreatic; GU, genitourinary, SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; PF, ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen.
*Missing data included as follows; white blood cell (n = 21), C-reactive protein (n = 21), lactate (n = 25), procalcitonin (n = 87), and PF ratio (n = 10).
†Eleven patients had small cell lung cancer.