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. 2019 Mar 20;9:4747. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41066-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Clarke error grid analysis on blood glucose concentrations obtained with the tear-glucose device and a clinically approved glucometer. All data were plotted within zones A and B, showing the reliability of the blood glucose concentrations estimated with the tear-glucose device^29,30. The y-axis represents the blood glucose concentration estimated from tear glucose concentration measured with the tear-glucose device, and the x-axis represents the blood glucose concentration measured with a reference method using a commercially available glucometer. Region A indicates that the data are within 20% error from the reference method. Region B indicates that the values are over the 20% error mark, but do not imply an inappropriate treatment. Region C indicates that the data will lead to an unnecessary treatment. Region D indicates that the data will fail to diagnose hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. Region E indicates that the data will lead to a treatment for hypoglycemia to a patient with hyperglycemia, or vice versa.