Table 4.
Physiotherapists’ use of the self-determination theory-based communication strategies during implementation of Session 4 of the Self-management of Osteoarthritis and Low back pain through Activity and Skills.
| SDTa–based communication strategiesb | Overall class median score (interquartile range), min-max | Education component median score (interquartile range), min-max | Exercise component median score (interquartile range), min-max | Z scorec | P value | ||
| Total | 4.5 (1.2), 2.8-4.8 | 4.3 (1.3), 3.2-5.2 | 4.5 (2.1), 2.3-5.2 | –0.13 | .89 | ||
| Autonomy support | |||||||
|
|
Offer a meaningful rationale | 4.5 (1.8), 3.5-6.5 | 5.0 (1.5), 4.0-6.0 | 5.0 (2.5), 3.0-7.0 | 0 | 1.00 | |
|
|
Provide opportunities for patient input and choice | 4.0 (1.3), 3.5-5.5 | 4.0 (1.0), 3.0-4.0 | 5.0 (2.0), 4.0-7.0 | –1.84 | .07 | |
|
|
Use support and encouragement rather than pressurising behaviours | 3.0 (0.8), 2.0-3.0 | 3.0 (1.0), 3.0-4.0 | 2.0 (1.0), 1.0-3.0 | –1.89 | .06 | |
| Structure | |||||||
|
|
Set clear expectations and provide direction | 3.0 (3.5), 1.0-6.5 | 5.0 (2.0), 4.0-6.0 | 4.0 (4.0), 1.0-6.0 | –1.08 | .27 | |
|
|
Goal setting | ||||||
|
|
|
Review goal setting | 3.5 (1.5), 3.0-5.0 | 5.0 (2.0), 4.0-6.0 | 3.0 (3.5), 1.0-5.0 | –1.62 | .10 |
|
|
|
Collaborative goal setting | 5.0 (2.3), 2.5-5.5 | 4.0 (2.0), 3.0-6.0 | 4.0 (3.5), 1.0-6.0 | –0.27 | .78 |
|
|
|
Collaborative action planning | 2.5 (2.5), 1.0-5.5 | 4.0 (4.0), 1.0-5.0 | 1.0 (4.0), 1.0-6.0 | –0.55 | .58 |
|
|
|
Collaborative barrier identification | 4.5 (2.5), 2.5-5.5 | 4.0 (3.5), 1.0-7.0 | 5.0 (3.0), 1.0-6.0 | –0.13 | .89 |
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|
|
Collaborative problem solving | 4.5 (2.5), 2.0-5.5 | 4.0 (3.5), 1.0-7.0 | 5.0 (3.5), 1.0-6.0 | –0.27 | .78 |
|
|
Provide positive encouragement | 5.0 (0.8), 3.5-5.0 | 5.0 (1.5), 3.0-5.0 | 5.0 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | –1.34 | .18 | |
|
|
Provide positive, information-rich feedback | 5.5 (2.3), 3.5-6.5 | 6.0 (2.5), 3.0-6.0 | 5.0 (2.0), 4.0-7.0 | –1.00 | .31 | |
|
|
Provide opportunities for patient practice | 6.0 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | Not applicable | 6.0 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | Not tested | Not tested | |
| Interpersonal involvement | |||||||
|
|
Acknowledge patients’ feelings and perspectives | 2.5 (2.5), 1.0-5.0 | 3.0 (3.5), 1.0-5.0 | 1.0 (4.0), 1.0-6.0 | –0.18 | .85 | |
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|
Build relationships | ||||||
|
|
|
Active listening | 5.5 (3.0), 1.5-6.0 | 6.0 (2.5), 2.0-6.0 | 5.0 (3.5), 1.0-6.0 | –1.73 | .08 |
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|
|
Interest in patients | 5.5 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | 5.0 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | 6.0 (1.0), 4.0-6.0 | –1.73 | .08 |
aSDT: self-determination theory.
bScale range: 1 (not at all good) to 7 (very good).
cZ score from Wilcoxon signed-ranks test to assess differences between the education and exercise components across all classes.