Table 3.
Associations of air pollution with normalized biomarkers in the pleural effusion of subjects.
| Variable | PM2.5 (μg/m3) | NO2 (ppb) | SO2 (ppb) | O3 (ppb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Log10 LDH | 0.185 (−5.667, 26.624) | −0.342 (−25, 0.044) | 0.102 (−0.061, 0.141) | 0.169 (−0.090, 0.132) |
| Log10 total protein | −0.065 (−0.036, 0.025) | 0.517 (−0.013, 0.047) | −0.054 (−0.089, 0.060) | 0.555 (−0.033, 0.127) |
| Log10 CXCL10 | −0.033 (−0.066, 0.053) | 0.038 (−0.061, 0.066) | −0.025 (−0.163, 0.139) | 0.162 (−0.140, 0.193) |
| Log10 IFN−γ | −0.115 (−0.174, 0.088) | −0.732 (−0.157, 0.039) | 0.038 (−0.194, 0.241) | −1.047 (−0.514, 0.050) |
| Log10 CD14 | −0.086 (−0.068, 0.036) | −0.397 (−0.055, 0.022) | 0.104 (−0.060, 0.128) | −0.582 (−0.170, 0.042) |
| Log10 CD62 | −0.213 (−0.071, 0.015) | −0.979 (−0.085, −0.004) * | 0.210 (−0.026, 0.169) | −0.739 (−0.192, 0.021) |
Note: Values are beta coefficients and 95% confidence intervals after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking, and disease category (pneumonia or congestive heart failure) in the models. * p < 0.05. PM2.5 = particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of <2.5 µm; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; CXCL10 = C-X-C motif chemokine 10; IFN = interferon; CD = cluster of differentiation.