Table 2.
Socio-demographic characteristics of children by their pet ownership condition.
| Characteristics | Not-Owning A Pet (n = 20,130), % | Owning A Pet (n = 11,323), % | Total (n = 31,453) | p-Value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Socio-demographics | ||||
| Child’s sex | <0.001 | |||
| Boy | 10,142 (62.1) | 6203 (38.0) | 16,345 | |
| Girl | 9988 (49.6) | 5120 (45.2) | 15,108 | |
| Ln (household income) b, % | <0.001 | |||
| First quartile | 4194 (53.5) | 3645 (46.5) | 7839 | |
| Second quartile | 4969 (63.4) | 2866 (36.6) | 7835 | |
| Third quartile | 5357 (68.4) | 2480 (31.6) | 7837 | |
| Fourth quartile | 5610 (70.6) | 2332 (29.4) | 7942 | |
| Mother’s education, % | <0.001 | |||
| <HS | 651 (53.1) | 574 (48.9) | 1225 | |
| HS | 10,859 (61.9) | 6680 (38.1) | 17,539 | |
| Some college | 5335 (67.7) | 2550 (32.3) | 7885 | |
| College+ | 3285 (63.4) | 1519 (31.6) | 4804 | |
| Father’s education, % | <0.001 | |||
| <HS | 1202 (55.8) | 954 (44.3) | 2156 | |
| HS | 9888 (61.4) | 6219 (38.6) | 16,107 | |
| Some college | 627 (63.0) | 369 (37.1) | 996 | |
| College+ | 8413 (63.4) | 3781 (31.0) | 12,194 | |
| Mother’s employment status | <0.001 | |||
| Not-working | 11,326 (68.3) | 5265 (31.7) | 16,591 | |
| Full-time | 3120 (61.4) | 1961 (38.6) | 5081 | |
| Part-time | 4171 (59.5) | 2839 (40.5) | 7010 | |
| Self-employed | 954 (52.9) | 849 47.1) | 1803 | |
| Others | 559 (57.8) | 409 (42.3) | 968 | |
| Residential environment | <0.001 | |||
| Predominantly residential | 16,721 (66.8) | 8318 (33.2) | 25,039 | |
| Retail store | 719 (66.2) | 367 (33.8) | 1086 | |
| Factories | 276 (67.0) | 136 (33.0) | 412 | |
| Rural area | 2014 (47.6) | 2217 (52.4) | 4231 | |
| Other | 400 (58.4) | 285 (41.6) | 685 | |
| No. of siblings | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 5079 (68.9) | 2288 (31.1) | 7367 | |
| 1 | 11,477 (65.3) | 6101 (34.7) | 17,578 | |
| 2+ | 3574 (54.9) | 2934 (45.1) | 6508 | |
| Living arrangement | <0.001 | |||
| Not-both parents | 560 (58.3) | 401 (41.7) | 961 | |
| Both parents | 19,570 (64.2) | 10,922 (35.8) | 30,492 | |
| Poor emotional expression | 4723 (23.5) | 2496 (22.0) | 7219 (23.0) |
a Chi-squared test was done for examining statistical significance. b Annual household income, equivalized by number of people in the household.