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Association between dog, cat, or other kinds of pet ownership, and children’s poor emotional expression.
| Kinds of Pet | Crude Model | Multivariate Model | PSM |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dog | 0.93 (0.85, 1.02) | 0.96 (0.88, 1.05) | 0.97 (0.86, 1.09) |
| Cat | 1.06 (0.93, 1.21) | 1.05 (0.92, 1.19) | 1.08 (0.90, 1.28) |
| Other kinds of pets (rabbit, small animals (such as hamster), bird, insect, fish, reptile, or others) | 0.93 (0.88, 0.99) * | 0.92 (0.86, 0.97) * | 0.89 (0.82, 0.95) * |
* p < 0.05, PSM: Propensity score matching.
