Table 1.
Socio-ecological parameters (mean and standard deviation) included in the multi-model selection framework to predict self-reported prior dengue infection and presence/absence of Aedes aegypti adults and/or juveniles at the household level for Puerto Ayora (PA) and Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (PB).
| Parameter | PA | PB | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Percent or Mean (±SD) | n | Percent or Mean (±SD) | ||
| Human Movement | |||||
| Member of the household travels to the mainland 1 | 33 | 66% | 39 | 78% | 0.21 |
| Member of the household travels between islands 1 | 15 | 30% | 24 | 48% | 0.09 |
| Member of the household visits houses outside the neighborhood daily 1 | 9 | 18% | 10 | 20% | 1 |
| Demographics | |||||
| Number of people per bedroom in household 1,A | 41 | 2.07 (±1.37) | 47 | 1.86 (±1.25) | 0.45 |
| Head of household age is less than 37 years 1 | 13 | 36% | 7 | 18% | 0.08 |
| Head of household age is greater than 56 years 1 | 7 | 16% | 11 | 37% | 0.03 |
| Female head of household 1 | 28 | 56% | 12 | 24% | <0.01 |
| Head of household is employed 1 | 36 | 72% | 43 | 86% | 0.03 |
| More than 1 family sleeps on the property 1 | 25 | 53% | 12 | 26% | 0.01 |
| Head of household earns more than the minimum wage 1 | 12 | 24% | 14 | 28% | 0.82 |
| Head of household has a secondary level of education or higher 1 | 19 | 38% | 19 | 38% | 1 |
| Mosquito Abatement Practices | |||||
| Covers water containers 2 | 31 | 62% | 30 | 60% | 1 |
| Applies chemicals to standing water 2 | 5 | 10% | 18 | 36% | <0.01 |
| Eliminates standing water 2 | 2 | 4% | 26 | 52% | <0.01 |
| Disposes of trash on the property 2 | 6 | 12% | 21 | 42% | <0.01 |
| Fumigates house 2 | 9 | 18% | 14 | 28% | 0.34 |
| Applies repellent 2 | 4 | 8% | 13 | 26% | 0.03 |
| Closes windows and doors 2 | 0 | 0% | 14 | 28% | <0.01 |
| Cuts vegetation 2,B | 0 | 0% | 7 | 14% | 0.01 |
| Spreads burned diesel on floor/in puddles 2,B | 0 | 0% | 1 | 2% | 1 |
| Burns palosanto or insecticide coils 2,B | 0 | 0% | 2 | 4% | 0.5 |
| Uses bed nets | 2 | 4% | 27 | 54% | <0.01 |
| Housing Characteristics | |||||
| Poorly maintained patio 1,2 | 22 | 44% | 8 | 16% | <0.01 |
| Poor overall condition of house (old, unpainted, uncared for) 1,2,B | 2 | 4% | 0 | 0% | 0.5 |
| Good overall condition of house (new, well-maintained) 1,2 | 19 | 38% | 25 | 50% | 0.31 |
| Patio is shady (>50% shaded) 1,2,B | 2 | 4% | 6 | 12% | 0.27 |
| House is rented 1,2 | 12 | 24% | 10 | 20% | 0.81 |
| Uses air conditioning to ventilate the household 1,2 | 6 | 12% | 7 | 14% | 1 |
| No screens on windows and/or doors 1,2 | 9 | 18% | 14 | 28% | 0.34 |
| Lives near abandoned homes or vacant lots 1,2 | 32 | 64% | 44 | 88% | 0.01 |
| Household receives piped water from outside the home 1,2 | 11 | 22% | 18 | 36% | 0.19 |
| There are daily or weekly interruptions in the water supply 1,2 | 22 | 44% | 20 | 40% | 0.84 |
| Waste water disposal by a sewage system 1,2,B | 1 | 2% | 38 | 76% | <0.01 |
| Stores water apart in containers other than in a cistern or elevated water tank (sometimes or always) 1,2 | 42 | 84% | 28 | 56% | <0.01 |
| Knowledge and Attitudes | |||||
| Aware of cases of dengue in the community 1,2 | 21 | 42% | 27 | 54% | 0.32 |
| Considers dengue to be a severe disease 1,2,B | 43 | 86% | 49 | 98% | 0.06 |
| Knows that dengue is transmitted by a mosquito 1,2 | 47 | 94% | 47 | 94% | 1 |
| Considers dengue to be a serious problem in the community 1,2,B | 41 | 82% | 47 | 94% | 0.12 |
| Perception that it is difficult to prevent dengue 1,2 | 6 | 12% | 17 | 34% | 0.02 |
| Participated in dengue prevention campaigns 1,2,B | 6 | 12% | 5 | 10% | 1 |
| Source of dengue information: media (television, newspaper, radio) B | 46 | 92% | 48 | 96% | 0.67 |
| Source of dengue information: Ministry of Health outreach (community health meetings, in clinics/hospitals, fliers) | 28 | 56% | 38 | 74% | 0.09 |
| Source of dengue information: social networks (family, friends) B | 6 | 12% | 7 | 14% | 1 |
The p-values ≤ 0.05 indicate significant differences between the PA and PB study areas; values were calculated using Pearson’s chi-square test with Yates continuity correction, unless otherwise indicated. Model input variables for each model indicated with subscripts (1 = self-reported dengue, 2 = Aedes aegypti presence). A The p-values were calculated by Student’s independent t-test; B the p-values were calculated by Fisher’s exact test.