Table 2.
Macro and micronutrients intakes /1000 kcal, overall and by gender, 20–49 y. in Greater Tunis
| All (n = 2545) |
Women (n = 1651) |
Men (n = 894) |
Women vs. Men | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meana | SEMb | Meana | SEMb | Meana | SEMb | Diff.c | 95% CId | Pe | |
| Energy | |||||||||
| Energy intake (kcal) | 2578.6 | 15.1 | 2300.4 | 12.6 | 2858.8 | 32.28 | − 558.4 | − 607.2, − 509.5 | <0.0001 |
| Energy intake (kJ) | 10,789.0 | 63.2 | 9624.9 | 52.6 | 11,961.1 | 97.4 | − 2336.2 | − 2540.6, − 2131.7 | <0.0001 |
| Energy intake as % of requirements | 104.1% | 0.5 | 105.5% | 0.5 | 102.6% | 0.7 | +2.9% | 1.3, 4.5 | 0.001 |
| Macronutrients (/1000 kcal) | |||||||||
| Protein (g) | 34.0 | 0.2 | 33.7 | 0.1 | 34.2 | 0.2 | −0.4 | − 0.9, 0.1 | 0.10 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 140.5 | 0.5 | 140.8 | 0.6 | 140.0 | 0.6 | + 0.8 | −0.5, 2.1 | 0.22 |
| Free sugar (g) | 31.3 | 0.4 | 31.9 | 0.5 | 30.8 | 0.7 | + 1.1 | −0.4, 2.5 | 0.15 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 10.9 | 0.1 | 10.8 | 0.1 | 10.9 | 0.1 | −0.1 | −0.3, 0.1 | 0.36 |
| Total fat (g) | 31.2 | 0.2 | 31.1 | 0.2 | 31.3 | 0.2 | −0.2 | −0.6, 0.3 | 0.56 |
| Saturated fat (g) | 7.50 | 0.1 | 7.6 | 0.1 | 7.4 | 0.1 | + 0.2 | −0.1, 0.4 | 0.15 |
| Monounsaturated fat (g) | 12.0 | 0.1 | 12.1 | 0.1 | 11.9 | 0.1 | + 0.2 | −0.1, 0.4 | 0.12 |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) | 8.9 | 0.1 | 8.7 | 0.1 | 9.0 | 0.1 | −0.3 | −0.5, − 0.1 | 0.0009 |
| Omega-3 fat (mg) | 260.8 | 4.4 | 248.8 | 5.3 | 272.8 | 6.4 | −24.0 | −39.6, −8.4 | 0.0029 |
| Omega-6 fat (mg) | 2653.6 | 34.2 | 2654.5 | 41.1 | 2652.7 | 49.6 | + 1.8 | − 118.3, 121.9 | 0.98 |
| Micronutrients (/1000 kcal) | |||||||||
| Cholesterol (mg) | 84.8 | 1.6 | 82.5 | 1.8 | 87.3 | 2.0 | −4.8 | −9.0, −0.6 | 0.026 |
| Calcium (mg) | 276.1 | 2.6 | 288.0 | 2.9 | 264.2 | 3.5 | + 23.8 | 16.6, 31.0 | <0.0001 |
| Iodine (mg) | 82.1 | 1.3 | 81.9 | 2.1 | 82.3 | 1.2 | −0.4 | −4.6, 3.9 | 0.86 |
| Iron (mg) | 7.4 | 0.1 | 7.3 | 0.1 | 7.4 | 0.1 | −0.2 | −0.3, − 0.1 | 0.012 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 116.4 | 0.7 | 116.5 | 0.8 | 116.3 | 1.0 | + 0.2 | −1.6, 2.0 | 0.79 |
| Sodium (mg) | 1498.2 | 11.7 | 1496.5 | 17.8 | 1499.8 | 13.7 | −3.3 | −45.9, 39.4 | 0.88 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 470.7 | 3.2 | 479.1 | 2.0 | 462.3 | 5.6 | + 16.8 | 6.9, 26.8 | 0.0012 |
| Potassium (mg) | 1032.5 | 7.0 | 1044.7 | 7.5 | 1020.3 | 9.9 | + 24.4 | 3.1, 45.8 | 0.025 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 141.9 | 2.0 | 129.2 | 2.0 | 154.8 | 3.5 | −25.6 | −33.4, −17.8 | <0.0001 |
| Zinc (mg) | 3.8 | 0.1 | 3.7 | 0.1 | 3.8 | 0.1 | − 0.1 | −0.1, 0.1 | 0.38 |
aWeighted mean (accounting for unequal probabilities of selection and differential response rates)
bSEM: standard error of the mean taking into account sampling design
cWomen vs. Men difference of means (unadjusted)
d95% confidence interval taking into account sampling design
eP value for Women vs. Men difference