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. 2019 Mar 21;12:5. doi: 10.1186/s40545-019-0166-1

Table 2.

Characteristics of the 10 studies included

First author (year of publication / presentation) Pharmacy-based diabetes intervention level Description of intervention Study design No. of pharmacies No. of patients / sample size
Santos MR (2003) [31] Diabetes management Regular scheduled follow-up of diabetic patients using SOAP method, as per intervention protocol:
Subjective: patient reported information;
Objective: e.g. blood glucose measurements
Assessment: Drug Related Problems (DRPs)
Plan: e.g. referral to physician, patient education and information
Retrospective evaluation using historic pilot cohort Diabetes Management Program (2001) 31 143
Costa S (2006) [32] Diabetes management Regular scheduled follow-up of diabetic patients using SOAP method, as per intervention protocol:
Subjective: patient reported information;
Objective: e.g. blood glucose measurements
Assessment: Drug Related Problems (DRPs)
Plan: e.g. referral to physician, patient education and information
Retrospective evaluation using historic pilot cohort Diabetes Management Program (2001) NR NR
Martins AP (2008) [35] Diabetes management Regular scheduled follow-up of diabetic patients using SOAP method, as per intervention protocol:
Subjective: patient reported information;
Objective: e.g. blood glucose measurements
Assessment: Drug Related Problems (DRPs)
Plan: e.g. referral to physician, patient education and information
Retrospective study using historic 3-year cohort of the Diabetes Management Program (2003–2006) NR Around 1800 in program, 342 in study
Fernandez-Llimos F (2009) [36] Diabetes management Regular scheduled follow-up of diabetic patients using SOAP method, as per intervention protocol:
Subjective: patient reported information;
Objective: e.g. blood glucose measurements
Assessment: Drug Related Problems (DRPs)
Plan: e.g. referral to physician, patient education and information
Observational - process indicators of Diabetes Management Program (2004–2008) 356 in 2005
379 in 2008
1294 in 2005
Pilger D (2007) [37] Screening of individuals at risk of diabetes Screening patients with > 45 years and another risk factor for diabetes: blood glucose measurement and referral to physician as per intervention protocol Descriptive cross-sectional study (2005) 8 229
Horta MR (2010) [38] Screening of uncontrolled diabetic patients Screening patients on diabetes medications: blood glucose measurement, reinforcing adherence and self-monitoring, and referral to physician as per intervention protocol Descriptive cross-sectional evaluation of nationwide campaign (2007) 723 7719
ES Research (2009) [39] Screening of uncontrolled diabetic patients Screening patients on diabetes medications: blood glucose measurement, reinforcing adherence and self-monitoring, and referral to physician as per intervention protocol Economic evaluation of nationwide campaign (2007) 723 7719
Jacinto I (2016) [48] Screening of individuals at risk of diabetes Promoting FINDRISK test to all adult non-diabetic individuals (except pregnant women) and healthy lifestyle habits, referral to physician if score > 15 points. Descriptive cross-sectional evaluation of regional campaign (2015) 225 7007
Paulino E (2017) [49] Screening of individuals at risk of diabetes and diabetes management 1) Promoting FINDRISK test to all individuals and referral of high-risk patients to pharmacy services, to physician or re-evaluation in 1 year, as appropriate
2) Follow-up of diabetic patients with assessment of health problems, reinforcing adherence, referral to other providers or to pharmacy consultations
Descriptive cross-sectional evaluation of regional initiative (2016/17) 1) 26
2) 31
1) 196
2) 106
Félix J 2017 [52] Screening of individuals at risk, screening of uncontrolled diabetic patients, and diabetes management Includes the interventions of studies [31, 32, 35, 38] (Economic study partially based on data of these studies) Economic evaluation (decision-model) NA (model-based) NA (model-based)

NR not reported, NA not applicable