Table 1.

STROBE Critical Appraisal Tool for Quantitative Studies

Study

Title Abstract and Introduction

Methods

Results

Discussion and other information

Score/22

Title Abstract

Background

Objectives

Study design

Setting

Participants

Variables

Data sources

Bias

Study size

Quantitative Variables

Statistical Methods

Participants

Descriptive data

Outcome data

Main results

Other analyses

Key results

Limitations

Interpretation

Geralisability

Funding

Score Out of 22

Forman, L., et al. 2006

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

17

Grace, S., et al. 2006

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

17

McCabe, P., 2008

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

15

Rowe T 2009

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

18

Steel, A., et al. 2015

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

20

Viksveen, P., 2011

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

19

SRQR Critical Appraisal Tool for Qualitative Studies

Study

Title & Abstract

Introduction

Methods

Discussion

Other

Score/21

Title Abstract

Background

Problem Formation

Purpose of the research question

Qualitative approach and research paradigm

Researcher characteristic and reflexivity

Context

Sampling strategy

Ethics pertaining to human subjects

Data collection methods

Collection instruments and tech

Units of study

Data processing

Data analysis

Techniques to ensure trustworthiness

Synthesis and interpretation

Links to empirical data

Integration with prior work, transferability

Limitations

Conflict of interest

Funding

Score Out of 21

Chen, Y., et al. 2015

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

15

Grant, A., et al. 2012

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

15

Viksveen, P., et al. 2015

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

16

Wardle, J., et al. 2013

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

16

Wardle, J. and Sarris, J., 2014

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

16

MMAT Critical Appraisal Tool for Mixed Methods Studies

Study

1. QUAL study or QUAL component of an MM study

2. QUAN randomized controlled trial or component of an MM study

3. QUAN nonrandomized study (comparison group) or component of an MM study

4. Descriptive QUAN study (no comparison group) or component of an MM study

5. MM component of an MM study

Sources of data relevant to answer the research question

Data analysis relevant to answer the question

Context taken into account in data analysis

Reflexivity of researchers (their influence on findings)

Appropriate randomization (or sequence generation)

Concealment allocation (or blinding)

Complete outcome data

Low dropout rate

Recruitment minimizing bias

Appropriate measurement (validated or standard)

Similar participants in groups (or differences analyzed)

Complete data, high response rate, and appropriate follow-up

Sampling appropriate to answer the research question

Sample representative of the population

Appropriate measurement (validated or standard)

Complete data and high response rate

MM design relevant to answer the research questions

Integration of QUAL and QUAN data and/or results

Consideration of limitations associated with this integration

Score out of 19

Frenkel, M., et al. 2007

x

x

x

x

x

x

6

Grace, S., et al. 2007

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

11

Joshi, H., et al. 2013

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

9

Long, C., et al. 2014

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

11

Schwartz, J., 2010

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

12

Toupin April, K., et al. 2013

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

12

Zwickey H et al. 2014

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

17