Table 3. Baseline characteristics of the test cohort according to the presence of hemorrhagic transformation.
| Baseline characteristics | LAA (n=558) | ||
| Absence (n=508) | Presence (n=50) | P | |
| Demographics | |||
| Sex (male/female) | 318 (62.60) | 36 (72.00) | 0.188 |
| Age (years) | 70 (60-78) | 66 (57-77) | 0.016 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.92±9.91 | 68.77±9.03 | 0.547 |
| Height (cm) | 167.54±6.46 | 166.09±7.94 | 0.138 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Smoking | 171 (33.66) | 18 (36.00) | 0.739 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 140.08±16.29 | 153.22±18.74 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 82.54±13.02 | 81.00±12.76 | 0.624 |
| NIHSS on admission | 3 (2-5) | 6 (3-13) | <0.001 |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension | 358 (70.47) | 31 (62.00) | 0.213 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 124 (24.41) | 21 (42.00) | 0.007 |
| Coronary artery disease | 37 (7.28) | 4 (8.00) | 0.853 |
| History of atrial fibrillation | 16 (3.15) | 4 (8.00) | 0.078 |
| Previous TIA | 74 (14.57) | 11 (22.00) | 0.163 |
| Prior use of antiplatelets | 129 (25.39) | 15 (30.00) | 0.478 |
| Prior use of anticoagulants | 10 (1.97) | 3 (6.00) | 0.071 |
| Laboratory characteristics | |||
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 5.78±2.09 | 6.26±2.24 | 0.123 |
| Platelet (109/L) | 189.02±68.91 | 190.28±63.74 | 0.802 |
| INR | 0.89±0.13 | 0.92±0.18 | 0.135 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 6.10±2.25 | 5.92±2.10 | 0.578 |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 76.08±28.00 | 81.54±29.43 | 0.194 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.75±1.29 | 1.28±0.96 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.76±1.11 | 4.70±1.24 | 0.724 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.15±0.28 | 1.25±0.37 | 0.021 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.80±0.81 | 2.69±0.94 | 0.265 |
| TG/HDL-C | 1.82±1.14 | 1.29±1.27 | 0.002 |
| Uric acid (μmol/L) | 302.06±97.15 | 312.44±90.37 | 0.485 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.23±1.59 | 6.44±1.52 | 0.370 |
| CRP (μg/mL) | 7.05±12.31 | 9.80±17.66 | 0.157 |
| HCY (μmol/L) | 18.20±9.12 | 18.87±12.76 | 0.633 |
| Lp-PLA2 (ng/mL) | 192.90±124.16 | 220.01±108.29 | 0.137 |
LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; NIHSS, National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; TIA, transient ischemic attack; INR, International Normalized Ratio; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CRP, C-reactive protein; HCY, homocysteine; Lp-PLA2, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2. TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG/HDL-C, TG to HDL-C ratio.
Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages and were compared by the Chi-squared test. Continuous variables were expressed as the means ± standard deviations (S.D.) or medians (interquartile ranges, IQR), which were compared by the Student’s t test, one-way ANOVA or the Mann–Whitney U-test if necessary.