Table 3. Final multivariable model: Predictors of TBS in HIV positive subjects in the HIV UPBEAT cohort.

Co-variates	Effect on TBS	95% C.I	P
LS BMD ((per 1g/cm2 increase)	0.002	0.001, 0.003	<0.001
Age (per 5 years increase)	-0.018	-0.027, -0.009	0.002
Gender (Male v Female)	-0.004	-0.044, 0.034	0.81
Ethnicity (African versus non-African	0.035	-0.009, 0.070	0.16
Current smoker	-0.047	-0.085, -0.008	0.017
Nadir CD4 T–cell count (per 50cells/mm)	0.005	0.0003, 0.011	0.040
On PI at baseline	-0.045	-0.079, -0.011	0.009

Table 3 Legend: HIV-related variables were added stepwise with predictors of TBS included in the subsequent steps in building the final model; this represents the final model which best predicts lower TBS in HIV.

LS BMD—Lumbar spine BMD, TBS—Trabecular bone score, C.I—Confidence Interval, IVDU—Intravenous drug use, PI—Protease inhibitor