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. 2019 Mar 15;10:331. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00331

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Diverse Th1 and Th2 associated immunogenicity induced by PSNPs-MSP4/5 compared to Alum adjuvanted vaccines. BALB/c mice were immunized twice intradermally at the base of tail (100 μl/immunization), 14 days apart with PBS (Naive), PSNPs conjugated to MSP4/5 (PSNPs-MSP4/5, 40 μg/ml) or MSP4/5 in Alum (Alum + MSP4/5, 0.3 g/ml Alum and 40 μg/ml MSP4/5 in PBS). Fourteen days after the last immunization, mice were humanely sacrificed and splenocytes and serum collected for immunogenicity analysis. (A) IFN-γ and (B) IL-4 producing T cells were assessed by ELISpot and (C) Total IgG/A/M, (D) IgG1, (E) IgG2a, and (F) IgG2b anti-MSP4/5 antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Data is shown as mean spot forming units (SFU) ± SD for ELISpot and mean antibody titer ± SD of duplicate measurements of pooled sera per group for ELISA. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 by two-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey analysis. n = 4 mice per group.