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. 2019 Mar 21;9:5011. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41383-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Schematic representing cohort participants at each stage of cohort selection. Note: hospitalisations of interest are Emergency or Potentially Preventable Hospitalisation within 365 days. Chronic-Only subset of patients is a subset of the Primary Cohort that had a Chronic Disease diagnosis (i.e. a diagnosis belonging to any one of the 33 of 35 identified disease families of interest).