Table 8.
Information on carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic (CMR) substances detected using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
| Compound | CAS no. | No. of products | Korea MOEL∗ |
Carcinogenicity |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWA (STEL), ppm | CMR | IARC† | ACGIH‡ | NTP§ | EU CLP‖ | |||
| Toluene | 108-88-3 | 29 (56.9%) | 50 (150) | Repr. 2 | Group 3 | A4 | ||
| Methyl isobutyl ketone | 108-10-1 | 13 (25.5%) | 50 (75) | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | ||
| 1,4-Dioxane | 123-91-1 | 13 (25.5%) | 20 | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | R | Car. 2 |
| Benzene | 71-43-2 | 9 (17.6%) | 1 (5) | Car. 1A, Mut. 1B | Group 1 | A1 | K | Car. 1A |
| Styrene | 100-42-5 | 5 (9.8%) | 20 (40) | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A4 | R | |
| Chlorobenzene | 108-90-7 | 4 (7.8%) | 10 (20) | Car. 2 | A3 | |||
| Ethylbenzene | 100-41-4 | 3 (5.9%) | 100 (125) | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | ||
| Cyclohexanone | 108-94-1 | 3 (5.9%) | 25 (50) | Car. 2 | Group 3 | A3 | ||
| 2-Butoxyethanol | 111-76-2 | 3 (5.9%) | 20 | Car. 2 | Group 3 | |||
| Chloroform | 67-66-3 | 3 (5.9%) | 10 | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | R | Car. 2 |
| 2-Butoxyethyl acetate | 112-07-2 | 2 (3.9%) | 20 | Car. 2 | A3 | |||
| Naphthalene | 91-20-3 | 2 (3.9%) | 10 (15) | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | R | Car. 2 |
| 1,4-Dichlorobenzene | 106-46-7 | 1 (2.0%) | 10 (20) | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | R | Car. 2 |
| Phenol | 108-95-2 | 1 (2.0%) | 5 | Mut. 2 | Group 3 | |||
| Hexane | 110-54-3 | 1 (2.0%) | 50 | Rep. 2 | ||||
| Dichloromethane | 75-09-2 | 1 (2.0%) | 50 | Car. 2 | Group 2B | A3 | R | Car. 2 |
| Cumene | 98-82-8 | 1 (2.0%) | 50 | Car. 2 | Group 2B | |||
ACGIH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists; CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service; CMR, carcinogenic, mutagenic, and reprotoxic; IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer; MOEL, Ministry of Employment and Labor; TWA, Time Weighted Average; STEL, Short Term Exposure Limit.
Ministry Of Employment and Labor, Carcinogen classifications – Carcinogen 1A: Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity to human, Carcinogen 1B: Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity to animals or limited evidence of carcinogenicity to human and animals, Carcinogen 2: Insufficient evidence of carcinogenicity to humans and animals.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Carcinogen classifications – Group 1: Carcinogenic to humans, Group 2A: Probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B: Possibly carcinogenic to humans, Group 3: Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans, Group 4: Probably not carcinogenic to humans.
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Carcinogen classifications – A1: Confirmed human carcinogen, A2: Suspected human carcinogen, A3: Confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans, A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen, A5: Not suspected as a human carcinogen.
National Toxicology Program, Carcinogen classifications – K: Known to be human carcinogens, R: Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens.
Classification, Labeling, Packing of substances and mixture, Carcinogen classifications – Carcinogen 1A: Known to have carcinogenic potential humans, Carcinogen 1B: May causes cancer, Carcinogen 2: Suspected of causing cancer.