Table 1.
Functional characterization of PCAT-1 in various cancers.
| Cancer types | Expression | Effects | Related gene | Role | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prostate cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, metastasis, DSB repair process | PRC2, cMyc protein, BRCA2, SUZ12, miR-3667-3p, miR-34a | Oncogene | 30, 40, 47 |
| Colorectal cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, Cell arrest, apoptosis | Caspase-3, PARP, bax, bcl-2, cMyc protein | Oncogene | 38 |
| Hepatocellular cancer | Upregulated | Invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, TNM stage | HMGB1, mir-129-5p | Oncogene | 59, 60, 61 |
| Gastric cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis | CDKN1A | Oncogene | 39, 67 |
| Bladder cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, apoptosis | - | Oncogene | 34 |
| Breast cancer | Upregulated | - | - | - | 91 |
| Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | Upregulated | - | - | - | 33 |
| Non-small cell lung cancer | Upregulated | Proliferation, migration, invasion | - | Oncogene | 36 |
| Multiple myeloma (serum) | Upregulated | - | - | 37 | |
| Osteosarcoma | Upregulated | Apoptosis, metastasis | E-cadherin, N-cadherin, EZH2, p21 | Oncogene | 72, 73, 74, 75, 83 |
| Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | Upregulated | Proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis | miR-122, WNT1 | Oncogene | 90 |
TNM: TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours; PRC2: Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; cMyc: MYC proto- oncogene, bHLH transcription factor; BRCA2: breast cancer 2, early onset; PARP: poly- ADP- ribose polymerase; Bax: BCL2- associated X protein; Bcl- 2: B- cell CLL/lymphoma 2 protein; HMGB1: high mobility group box 1; CDKN1A: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A