| HIF-1α | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha |
| PKC | Protein kinase C |
| TPA | 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbor-13-acetate |
| TF | Transcription factor |
| VK2 | Vitamin K2 |
| HRE | Hypoxia responsive element |
| VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
| EPO | Erythropoietin |
| VHL | Von Hippel-Lindau |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| FBS | Fetal bovine serum |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle`s medium |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction |
| GAPDH | Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| ChIP assay | Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay |
| HCC | Hepatocellular carcinoma |