8-OHdG	8-OH deoxyguanosine
AGEs	advanced glycation end products
APE	apurinic endonuclease
ATM	ataxia telangiectasia–mutated protein
BER	base excision repair
BLM	bloom syndrome protein
BMI	body mass index
COX-2	cyclooxygenase 2
CSA	cockayne syndrome protein A
CSB	cockayne syndrome protein B
DAPI	4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
DDR	DNA damage response
DFI	DNA fragmentation index
DNA-PK	DNA-dependent kinase
DR	direct repair
DSB	double-strand breaks
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
ENDS	electronic nicotine delivery devices
EtBr	ethidium bromide
EXO1	human exonuclease 1
FANCF	fanconi anemia complementation group
Fapy Ade	4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine
Fapy Gua	2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine
FEN1	flap endonuclease 1
FFA	free fatty acids
FISH	fluorescence in situ hybridization
GC-MS	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
GGR	global genome repair
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HPLC	high performance liquid chromatography
HR	homologous recombination
IL-6	interleukin 6
LIG	DNA ligase
MGMT	O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase
MN	micronucleus assay
MMR	mismatch repair
NADPH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NER	nucleotide excision repair
NF-κB	nuclear factor κB
NHEJ	non-homologous end-joining
NO	nitric oxide
NOS	nitric oxide synthase
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
OGG1	8-Oxoguanine glycosylase
PAH	polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
PARP	poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1
PCR	polymerase chain reaction
PCNA	proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PhIP	2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homolog
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RPA	replication protein A
SCGE	Single cell gel electrophoresis
SSB	single-strand breaks
ssDNA	single-strand DNA
SOD	superoxide dismutase
TCR	transcription-coupled repair
TFIIH	transcription factor complex IIH
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor
TUNEL	terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling UV
UV	ultraviolet
WHO	World Health Organization
WRN	Werner syndrome protein
XP	xeroderma pigmentosium
XRCC	X-ray repair cross-complementing group