Table 1.
Participant demographics
| Covariates all measured at wave 2 (n = 2148) | Values |
|---|---|
| Gender: women, n (%) | 1108 (51.6) |
| Age, years: mean (s.d.) | 62.9 (7.5) |
| Ethnicity, Black and minority ethnic: n (%) | 19 (0.9) |
| Relationship status, in relationship: n (%) | 1669 (77.7) |
| Education, n (%) | |
| NVQ1/CSE or no qualification | 547 (25.5) |
| NVQ2/GCE O level | 470 (21.9) |
| NVQ3 A level/higher education | 710 (33.1) |
| Degree | 421 (19.6) |
| Employment status, n (%) | |
| Not working/retired | 1119 (52.1) |
| Part time | 428 (19.9) |
| Full time ≥35 h/week | 601 (28.0) |
| Health-related issues | |
| Eyesight problems, n (%) | 110 (5.1) |
| Hearing problems, n (%) | 297 (13.8) |
| Chronic pain, n (%) | 46 (2.1) |
| Chronic illness, n (%) | 497 (23.1) |
| Alcohol consumption, n (%) | |
| ≥5 days per week | 609 (28.4) |
| 1–4 days per week | 914 (42.6) |
| Once or twice a month | 257 (12.0) |
| Every couple of months or less | 368 (17.1) |
| Social isolation score (0–9), mean (s.d.) | 4.8 (1.8) |
| Engaged in civic activities, n (%) | 399 (18.6) |
| Have a hobby, n (%) | 1768 (82.3) |
| Read a daily newspaper, n (%) | 1448 (67.4) |
| Frequency of cultural engagement | |
| Never | 216 (10.1) |
| Less than once a year | 324 (15.1) |
| Once or twice a year | 584 (27.2) |
| Every few months | 635 (29.6) |
| Once a month or more | 389 (18.1) |
| Number of participants with depression across the 10 years, n (%) | 616 (28.7) |