| TERM | tissue engineering and regenerative medicine |
| EU-MDR | European Union medical device regulation |
| AM | additive manufacturing |
| MEW | melt electro-writing |
| PCL | polycaprolactone |
| OB | osteoblasts |
| PBMC | peripheral mononuclear cells |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
| TRAP | tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase |
| RT-qPCR | quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction |