Attenuating effects of systemic G2-β-CD treatment on liver manifestations in Npc1−/− mice. Mice were subcutaneously treated with G2-β-CD (2.9 mmol/ kg) from 6 to 8 weeks of age, and then serum and liver samples were collected at 8 weeks and 2 days of age. Free cholesterol (FC) content and percentage of esterified cholesterol (EC) in liver tissue (A), liver histological analysis (H&E) (B), Liver/body weight ratio (C), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (D) and hepatic DNA fragmentation (TUNEL staining) (E) were measured. Scale bar: 200 and 100 μm for H&E and TUNEL staining, respectively. Each bar represents the mean ± S.E.M. (n = 8). ** p < 0.01 compared with the saline group.