| APC | Adenomatous Polyposis Coli |
| AQP | Aquaporin |
| BBB | blood‒brain barrier |
| C3d | Complement component 3 d |
| CNPase | 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide-3′-phosphodiesterase |
| CNS | Central nervous system |
| CPM | Central pontine myelinolysis |
| Cx | Connexin |
| EAAT | Excitatory amino acid transporter |
| EPM | Extra pontine myelinolysis |
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum |
| GAT | gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter |
| GFAP | Glial fibrillary acidic protein |
| IgG | Immunoglobulin G |
| IL | Interleukin |
| MAG | myelin-associated glycoprotein |
| MBP | myelin basic protein |
| MOG | myelin oligodendrocyte protein |
| ODS | Osmotic demyelination syndrome |
| Pdgfra | platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha |
| Shh | sonic hedgehog |
| PLP | proteolipid protein |
| RBC | Red blood cells |
| RVI | regulatory volume increase |
| SNAT | Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter |
| TNF | Tumor necrosis factor |
| TonEBP | Tonicity-Responsive Enhancer-Binding Protein |