| MDPI | Multidisciplinary digital publishing institute |
| ACC | Acetyl-CoA carboxylase |
| AI | Atherogenic index |
| APO | Apolipoprotein |
| CPT | Carnitine palmitoyltransferase |
| DIO | Diet-induced obese |
| ED | Eriodictyol |
| FAS | Fatty acid synthase |
| FER | Food efficiency ratio |
| FFA | Free fatty acid |
| GIP | Gastric inhibitory polypeptide |
| GK | Glucokinase |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| G6Pase | Glucose-6-phosphatase |
| G6PD | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| HFD | High-fat diet |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance |
| HTR | HDL-cholesterol-to-TC ratio |
| H&E | Hematoxylin and eosin |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-gamma |
| IL | Interleukin |
| IPGTT | Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test |
| IR | Insulin resistance |
| IRS2 | Insulin receptor substrate 2 |
| ME | Malic enzyme |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| PAI-1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 |
| PAP | Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase |
| PEPCK | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase |
| PGC1α | PPAR-gamma coactivator 1 alpha |
| PPARα | Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha |
| SREBP | Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor |
| TC | Total-cholesterol |
| TG | Triglyceride |
| WAT | White adipose tissue |