| ATP | Adenosine 5′-triphosphate |
| DHA | Dihydroxyacetone |
| DHAP | Dihydroxyacetone phosphate |
| FAD | Flavin adenine dinucleotide |
| FMN | Flavin mononucleotide |
| GA | d-Glyceraldehyde |
| hTKFC | Human triokinase/FMN cyclase |
| RMSD | Root-mean-square deviation |
| PTS | Phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system |