Table 2.

Mean levels of rates of change in studied CVRFs over a mean follow-up time of 33.1 years in men and women according to diabetes status at follow-up

	Men		P value*	Women		P value*	Women vs. men		P interaction§
	Without diabetes	With diabetes		Without diabetes	With diabetes		P (Without diabetes)	P (With diabetes)
BMI	0.42 ± 0.01	0.53 ± 0.02	<0.001	0.41 ± 0.01	0.62 ± 0.03	<0.001	0.9863	0.0174	0.0011
SBP	0.34 ± 0.02	0.43 ± 0.05	0.3850	0.13 ± 0.02	0.36 ± 0.06	<0.001	<0.001	0.416	0.0063
DBP	0.75 ± 0.01	0.85 ± 0.04	0.0199	0.44 ± 0.01	0.60 ± 0.03	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.179
TC	2.21 ± 0.05	2.07 ± 0.16	0.52	1.29 ± 0.03	1.52 ± 0.12	0.3339	<0.001	0.0048	0.0323
Ln TG	0.03 ± 0.001	0.04 ± 0.001	0.0006	0.01 ± 0.001	0.02 ± 0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	0.6154
LDL-C	1.62 ± 0.04	1.44 ± 0.10	0.2459	1.11 ± 0.02	1.27 ± 0.07	0.3573	<0.001	0.7332	0.0055
HDL-C	−0.53 ± 0.01	−0.49 ± 0.04	0.7967	−0.27 ± 0.01	−0.32 ± 0.02	0.3016	<0.001	0.0003	0.0235
FPG	0.01 ± 0.001	0.10 ± 0.01	<0.001	0.01 ± 0.001	0.13 ± 0.01	<0.001	0.5388	<0.001	<0.001

Values are the mean ± SE, unless otherwise indicated. DBP, diastolic BP; SBP, systolic BP. Diabetes is defined as having an FPG concentration of ≥7 mmol/L or using insulin or oral antidiabetic medications in accordance with 2018 American Diabetes Association criteria.

*P value for difference between those with diabetes and those without diabetes.

§Interaction of sex by diabetes status.