Table 1.
Individual-Level and Household Characteristics of ENRRICH Study Population by Place (Residential Region).a
| Characteristics | Total (n = 965) | Residential Region | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A (n = 300) | B (n = 338) | C (n = 327) | P b | ||
| Individual-level characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 44.4 (14.6) | 44.8 (15.7) | 43.7 (14.0) | 44.7 (14.1) | .538 |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 646 (66.9) | 185 (61.7) | 240 (71.0) | 221 (67.6) | .042 |
| Male | 319 (33.1) | 115 (38.3) | 98 (29.0) | 106 (32.4) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||||
| Hispanic, Latino | 731 (75.8) | 259 (86.3) | 242 (71.6) | 230 (70.3) | <.001 |
| African American, Black | 113 (11.7) | 21 (7.0) | 54 (16.0) | 38 (11.6) | |
| White/Asian/Other | 121 (12.5) | 20 (6.7) | 42 (12.4) | 59 (18.0) | |
| Per capita income (USD) | 14 098 (12 504, 17 421) | 12 504 (9959, 14 098) | 14 757 (13 304, 20 266) | 15 701 (13 144, 17 762) | <.0001 |
| Educational achievement | |||||
| Grade school or less | 271 (28.1) | 79 (26.3) | 105 (31.1) | 87 (26.6) | .427 |
| High school | 332 (34.4) | 116 (38.7) | 108 (32.0) | 108 (33.0) | |
| Some college, vocational, business, or trade | 278 (28.8) | 81 (27.0) | 93 (27.5) | 104 (31.8) | |
| ≥Associates degree | 84 (8.7) | 24 (8.0) | 32 (9.5) | 28 (8.6) | |
| Current employment status | |||||
| Unemployed | 456 (47.3) | 146 (48.7) | 158 (46.7) | 152 (46.5) | .838 |
| Employed/retired/student | 509 (52.7) | 154 (51.3) | 180 (53.3) | 175 (53.5) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Never married/widowed/divorced | 420 (43.5) | 134 (44.7) | 152 (45.0) | 134 (41.0) | .520 |
| Married/live together | 545 (56.5) | 166 (55.3) | 186 (55.0) | 193 (59.0) | |
| Self-reported general health | |||||
| Excellent/Good | 527 (54.6) | 145 (48.3) | 199 (58.9) | 183 (66.0) | .024 |
| Fair/Poor | 438 (45.4) | 155 (51.7) | 139 (41.1) | 144 (44.0) | |
| Behavior | |||||
| Ever regularly smoked cigarettes, cigars, or a pipe | |||||
| Current smoker | 194 (20.1) | 55 (18.3) | 77 (22.8) | 62 (19.0) | .390 |
| Past smoker | 106 (11.0) | 33 (11.0) | 31 (9.2) | 42 (12.8) | |
| Never smoker | 665 (68.9) | 212 (70.7) | 230 (68.0) | 223 (68.2) | |
| Household-level characteristics | |||||
| Health care insurance type | |||||
| None | 414 (42.9) | 149 (49.7) | 138 (40.8) | 127 (38.8) | .005 |
| Private, HMO/Military/Other | 225 (23.3) | 52 (17.3) | 78 (23.1) | 95 (29.1) | |
| Medicare, Medicaid, Medical | 326 (33.8) | 99 (33.0) | 122 (36.1) | 105 (32.1) | |
| Average annual household income (USD) | |||||
| <10 000 | 331 (34.3) | 123 (41.0) | 110 (32.5) | 98 (30.0) | <.001 |
| 11 000-19 000 | 230 (23.8) | 89 (29.7) | 70 (20.7) | 71 (21.7) | |
| 20 000-29 000 | 180 (18.7) | 45 (15.0) | 62 (18.3) | 73 (22.3) | |
| 30 000-49 000 | 161 (16.7) | 30 (0.0) | 72 (21.3) | 59 (18.0) | |
| ≥50 000 | 63 (6.5) | 13 (4.3) | 24 (7.1) | 26 (8.0) | |
| Median household income (USD) | 40 843 (29 235, 54 127) | 31 427 (27 063, 40 843) | 43 631 (31 943, 51 802) | 51 911 (37 064, 62 517) | <.0001 |
| Number of household members | |||||
| 1-2 persons | 141 (14.6) | 49 (16.3) | 40 (11.8) | 52 (15.9) | .364 |
| 3-5 persons | 523 (54.2) | 164 (54.7) | 191 (56.5) | 168 (51.4) | |
| ≥6 persons | 301 (31.2) | 87 (29.0) | 107 (31.7) | 107 (32.7) | |
| Duration at current residence (years) | |||||
| 11+ | 263 (27.3) | 108 (36.0) | 60 (17.8) | 95 (29.1) | <.001 |
| 1-10 | 641 (66.4) | 173 (57.7) | 244 (72.2) | 224 (68.5) | |
| <1 | 61 (6.3) | 19 (6.3) | 34 (10.1) | 8 (2.4) | |
a
Data shown represents n (%) for categorical variables, mean (standard deviation) for age, and median (1st, 3rd quartile) for per capita income and median house income. Slash (/) denotes collapsed nominal categories. A = closest to San Bernardino Railyard; B = intermediate; C = farthest distance.
b
P values computed from chi-square statistic for categorical variables, F test for age, and Kruskal-Wallis test for per capita income and median house income.