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. 2019 Mar 7;9(3):e022097. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022097

Table 3.

Meta-regression of the extent of influence value stratified by study-level characteristics

Factor Estimate 95 CI% of estimate P value
Lower Upper
Academic interests
Country −0.2314 −1.1575 0.6946 0.6302
 Survey years 0.3811 −0.3580 1.1202 0.2711
 Specialty −0.4892 −1.5345 0.5562 0.4008
 Sample size 0.2362 −0.5488 1.0212 0.6537
Competencies
Country 0.6946 −1.1461 0.8938 0.8376
 Survey years −1.0418 −2.0950 0.0114 0.0151
 Specialty 0.0904 −1.5786 1.7594 0.9398
 Sample size −0.5720 −1.8606 0.7166 0.5823
Controllable lifestyle or flexible work schedule
Country −0.1261 −1.1461 0.8938 0.9614
 Survey years −0.0001 −0.4052 0.4051 0.9822
 Specialty −0.8989 −1.4979 −0.3000 0.0035
 Sample size −0.0518 −0.4396 0.3361 0.7203
Patient service orientation
Country −0.6238 −1.3118 0.0642 0.0833
 Survey years −0.0414 −0.6912 0.6083 0.8524
 Specialty −1.5982 −2.5227 −0.6737 0.0010
 Sample size −0.1157 −0.7473 0.5159 0.6358
Medical teachers or mentors
Country 0.7395 0.3117 1.1674 0.0007
 Survey years 0.1133 −0.3580 0.5845 0.6376
 Specialty 0.0605 −0.4441 0.5652 0.8141
 Sample size −0.1202 −0.5567 0.3163 0.5894
Career opportunities
Country 0.1075 −0.7030 0.9179 0.5828
 Survey years 0.3284 −0.3913 1.0480 0.7546
 Specialty −0.9292 −1.8015 −0.0570 0.0077
 Sample size 0.3654 0.1156 1.5478 0.0081
Workload or working hours
Country −0.4535 −1.5086 0.6016 0.3981
 Survey years 0.4624 −0.5417 1.4665 0.3922
 Specialty −0.9878 −2.1727 0.1972 0.1070
 Sample size 0.0982 −0.8589 1.0553 0.8205
Income
Country 0.1058 −0.4665 0.6781 0.7390
 Survey years 0.0999 −0.4379 0.6377 0.8774
 Specialty −0.6457 −1.3267 0.0352 0.0480
 Sample size 0.0523 −0.4826 0.5872 0.6786
Length of training
Country −0.1559 −1.2782 0.9664 0.7854
 Survey years −0.2158 −1.4089 0.9772 0.7229
 Specialty 0.3959 −0.9585 1.7502 0.5667
 Sample size 0.1565 −0.6631 0.9761 0.7082
Prestige
Country −0.3346 −1.0799 0.4106 0.3485
 Survey years −0.4513 −1.1378 0.2352 0.0950
 Specialty −1.0112 −1.8980 −0.1244 0.0172
 Sample size 0.0355 −0.6013 0.6723 0.5214
Advice from others
Country −0.0097 −0.0722 0.0529 0.9328
 Survey years −0.0861 −0.1471 −0.0251 0.0057
 Specialty −0.2017 −0.2790 −0.1244 <0.0001
 Sample size 0.2125 0.1309 0.2941 <0.0001
Student debt
Country 2.7853 2.0544 3.5162 0.0001
 Survey years −0.1567 −0.6707 0.3573 0.5502
 Sample size −0.5248 −1.0108 −0.0388 0.0343