. 2019 Mar 15;9(3):e025232. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025232

Table 1.

Characteristics of the randomised controlled trials

Study	Location	Mean follow-up	Patients	Antiplatelet medication used	Morphine characteristics	Comparator	N (total)	Mean age	Primary outcome
Bressan et al³¹	Single centre, Italy	24 hours	Patients with AMI, chest pain and symptoms<6 hour	None	10 mg IM single dose	Indoprofen	40	54	Assessment of analgesic effect of indoprofen in AMI patients
Everts et al²⁹ (MEMO Study)	Single centre, Sweden	6 months	Patients admitted to the coronary care unit because of symptoms of suspected AMI	None	2–7.5 mg IV, single to multiple doses	Metoprolol	265	66.6	Assessment of analgesic effect of metoprolol in suspected or definitive AMI patients
Kubica et al³⁰ (IMPRESSION Study)	Single centre, Poland	Hospital stay	Patient with the diagnosis of STEMI or NSTEMI	Aspirin and ticagrelor	5 mg IV single dose	Placebo	70	61.6	Assess the influence of morphine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ticagrelor and its active metabolite
Lapostolle et al³² (ATLANTIC–Morphine)	Multicentre	30 days	STEMI	Aspirin and ticagrelor	NR	Placebo	1862	60.8	TIMI Flow Grade 3 of culprit vessel at initial angiography and ST-segment elevation resolution Pre-PCI≥70% (coprimary outcomes)
Thomas et al³³	Single centre, UK	24 hours	STEMI	Aspirin and prasugrel	5 mg IV single dose	Placebo	12	64	VerifyNow platelet reactivity

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous; NR, not reported; NSTEMI, non-ST elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.