Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by pre-discharge troponin I elevation (>0.04ng/mL)
| Pre-discharge (baseline) troponin I value |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Elevated | Normal | ||
| (n = 609) | (n = 860) | ||
| Median troponin I (ng/mL) | 0.09 (0.06–0.19) | 0.02 (0.01 –0.03) | <0.001 |
| Demographic data | |||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 65.0 ± 12.0 | 64.0±12.3 | 0.119 |
| Male, n (%) | 482 (79.1%) | 652 (75.8%) | 0.134 |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 41 0 (67.3%) | 608 (70.7%) | 0.167 |
| Black | 32 (5.3%) | 42 (4.9%) | 0.749 |
| Asian | 1 45 (23.8%) | 1 74 (20.2%) | 0.101 |
| Other | 22 (3.6%) | 36 (4.2%) | 0.578 |
| Region, n (%) | |||
| North America | 42 (6.9%) | 71 (8.3%) | 0.335 |
| Latin America | 52 (8.5%) | 96(11.2%) | 0.100 |
| Western Europe | 159 (26.1%) | 1 88 (21.9%) | 0.059 |
| Eastern Europe | 189 (31.0%) | 288 (33.5%) | 0.322 |
| Asia/Pacific | 1 67 (27.4%) | 21 7 (25.2%) | 0.347 |
| Time from admission to randomization, days, median (IQR) | 4 (2–7) | 5 (2–7) | 0.451 |
| Hospital length of stay, days, median (IQR) | 9 (5–14) | 8 (5–13) | 0.076 |
| Ejection fraction, %, mean ± SD | 27.6±7.8 | 27.9 ± 7.0 | 0.467 |
| NYHA class III/IV, n (%) | 384 (63.1%) | 552 (64.2%) | 0.657 |
| QRS duration on baseline ECG, ms, mean ± SD | 119±38 | 117±41 | 0.397 |
| Vital sign and laboratory data | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg, mean ± SD | 124.4 ± 14.0 | 122.5±12.5 | 0.010 |
| Heart rate, b.p.m., mean ± SD | 78.6 ± 16.6 | 77.1 ±15.2 | 0.077 |
| Weight, kg, mean ± SD | 76.3 ± 20.2 | 78.5±21.4 | 0.050 |
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 26.8±5.9 | 27.3±6.3 | 0.121 |
| Haemoglobin, g/dL, mean ± SD | 13.7±2.0 | 13.7±2.0 | 0.890 |
| Serum sodium, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 138.9±3.7 | 138.7±3.6 | 0.445 |
| BUN, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 9.6±4.0 | 8.7±3.5 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 103.5±27.2 | 98.2±27.0 | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean ± SD | 64.6±19.0 | 68.4±20.7 | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP at admission,a pg/mL, median (IQR) | 4876 (3000–10 828) | 3505 (2567–6679) | <0.001 |
| NT-proBNP at baseline,a pg/mL, median (IQR) | 3378 (1848–7025) | 2395 (1 341 –4409) | <0.001 |
| PRA, μIU/mL, pg/mL, median (IQR) | 3.3 (0.7–17.9) | 2.6 (0.4–14.9) | 0.050 |
| Past medical history, n (%) | |||
| Previous HF hospitalization | 41 9 (68.8%) | 569 (66.2%) | 0.288 |
| Coronary artery disease | 337 (55.3%) | 460 (53.5%) | 0.484 |
| Previous PCI | 114 (18.7%) | 1 65 (1 9.2%) | 0.822 |
| Previous CABG | 1 00 (1 6.4%) | 1 40 (1 6.3%) | 0.942 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 266 (43.7%) | 353 (41.0%) | 0.314 |
| Previous stroke | 69 (11.3%) | 69 (8.0%) | 0.032 |
| Previous TIA | 17(2.8%) | 26 (3.0%) | 0.795 |
| Hypertension | 475 (78.0%) | 635 (73.8%) | 0.068 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 254 (41.7%) | 357 (41.5%) | 0.940 |
| Diabetes | 257 (42.2%) | 342 (39.8%) | 0.350 |
| COPD | 135 (22.2%) | 1 48 (1 7.2%) | 0.018 |
| Baseline therapies, n (%) | |||
| Diuretic | 584 (95.9%) | 825 (95.9%) | 0.973 |
| Beta-blocker | 489 (80.3%) | 732 (85.1%) | 0.015 |
| ACEI/ARB | 509 (83.6%) | 721 (83.8%) | 0.895 |
| MRA | 349 (57.3%) | 494 (57.4%) | 0.959 |
| MRA + ACEI/ARB | 286 (47.0%) | 41 2 (47.9%) | 0.721 |
| Digoxin | 265 (43.5%) | 323 (37.6%) | 0.022 |
| ICD | 94 (1 5.4%) | 137(15.9%) | 0.797 |
| CRT | 41 (6.7%) | 52 (6.0%) | 0.595 |
| Permanent pacemaker | 63 (1 0.3%) | 89 (1 0.3%) | 0.998 |
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRT, cardiac resynchronization therapy; ECG, electrocardiogram; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; IQR, interquartile range; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NT-proBNP, N terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PRA plasma renin activity; SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.
Data available for 676 patients at admission and all 1468 patients at pre-discharge (i.e. baseline).