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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 16.
Published in final edited form as: Cogent Med. 2018 Apr 16;5:1463894. doi: 10.1080/2331205X.2018.1463894

Table 3.

Patients with High Risk Patients who Under-estimate Risk by Disease

DIABETES1 CHD1 BREAST
CANCER
(Female only)2 		COLON
CANCER1
No. (%) OR (CI) No.
(%)		 OR (CI) No. (%) OR (CI) No. (%) OR (CI)
Overall 409 (60.1) 155
(57.4)		 433
(72.5)		 481
(74.6)
Age (years)
 30–44 82 (52.9) referenc
e 		22
(53.7)		 referenc
e 		73
(67.6)		 referenc
e 		99
(81.8)		 referenc
e
 45–59 160 (55.6) 1.0
(0.7–1.5)		 62
(53.5)		 1.2
(0.6–2.5)		 177
(70.0)		 1.2
(0.7–2.1)		 213
(74.2)		 0.7
(0.4–1.2)
 60–75 167 (70.5) 1.7
(1.0–2.8)		 71
(62.8)		 1.3
(0.6–3.1)		 183
(77.9)		 1.4
(0.8–2.5)		 169
(71.3)		 0.7
(0.4–1.2)
 P value chi sq. 0.0003 0.3105 0.0573 0.0953
Sex
 Female 311 (58.0) 0.7
(0.4–1.0)		 84
(53.9)		 0.7
(0.4–1.3)		 366
(74.0)		 0.8
(0.5–1.3)
 Male 98 (68.1) referenc
e 		71
(62.3)		 referenc
e 		115
(76.1)		 referenc
e
 P value chi sq. 0.0290 0.1663 0.6092
BMI
 Normal/underweight 12 (80.0) referenc
e 		7 (70)
 referenc
e 		111
(61.3)		 referenc
e 		48
(59.3)		 referenc
e
 Overweight 71 (71.7) 0.6
(0.1–2.3)		 31
(56.4)		 0.5
(0.1–2.5)		 138
(72.3)		 1.7
(1.1–2.8)		 89
(70.1)		 1.8
(1.0–3.3)
 Obese 326 (57.6) 0.3
(0.1–1.0)		 117
(57.1)		 0.5
(0.1–2.3)		 184
(81.8)		 3.1
(1.9–5.0)		 344
(78.7)		 2.6
(1.5–4.5)
 P value chi sq. .0085 0.7109 <.0001 0.0005
Race
 White 327 (62.6) referenc
e 		116
(56.3)		 referenc
e 		396
(73.6)		 referenc
e 		373
(73.1)		 referenc
e
 Black 33 (52.4) 0.7
(0.4–1.2)		 15
(57.7)		 1.3
(0.5–3.1)		 16
(72.7)		 0.7
(0.3–2.1)		 47
(85.5)		 1.9
(0.8–4.3)
 Hispanic 34 (46.6) 0.4
(0.2–0.8)		 20
(64.5)		 2.1
(0.8–
5.3)		 11
(61.1)		 0.6
(0.2–1.9)		 41
(75.9)		 1.1
(0.5–2.3)
 Other/DK 15 (68.2) 1.0
(0.4–2.6)		 4
(57.1)		 1.4
(0.3–
7.1)		 10
(52.6)		 0.5
(0.2–1.4)		 20
(76.9)		 1.4
(0.5–3.9)
 P value chi sq. 0.0274 0.8630 0.1533 0.2491
Insurance
 Private 275 (57.8) referenc
e 		94
(53.7)		 referenc
e 		311
(70.5)		 referenc
e 		338
(76.6)		 referenc
e
 Medicare 99 (70.2) 1.4
(0.8–2.2)		 46
(67.7)		 2.0
(1.0–4.2)		 108
(81.2)		 1.6
(0.8–2.9)		 99
(69.7)		 0.7
(0.4–1.1)
 Medicaid 35 (55.5) 1.3
(0.7–2.4)		 15
(55.6)		 1.0
(0.4–2.6)		 14
(60.9)		 0.7
(0.2–1.9)		 44
(71.0)		 0.5
(0.3–1.1)
 P value chi sq. 0.0220 0.1402 0.0237 0.2032
Education
 HS grad or less 59 (61.5) 1.4
(0.8–2.3)		 28
(56.0)		 0.9
(0.4–1.8)		 28
(73.7)		 1.2
(0.5–3.1)		 69
(79.3)		 1.3
(0.7–2.5)
 Some college 74 (58.7) 1.3
(0.8–2.0)		 27
(52.9)		 0.7
(0.3–1.4)		 60
(74.1)		 1.0
(0.6–1.8)		 93
(75.0)		 1.1
(0.7–1.8)
 College grad or
higher		 233 (58.5) referenc
e 		89
(61.8)		 referenc
e 		311
(72.7)		 referenc
e 		283
(73.7)		 referenc
e
 Other/DK 43 (71.7) 2.1
(1.1–4.0)		 11
(44.0)		 0.5
(0.2–1.4)		 34
(68.0)		 1.0
(0.5–1.9)		 36 (72) 1.0
(0.5–2.1)
 P value chi sq. 0.2699 0.3295 0.8870 0.7123
1

Models adjusted for education, smoking status, BMI, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance, age, marital status, Charlson category and group (intervention or control).

2

Model adjusted for all variables listed above except sex.