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. 2019 Feb 27;11(1):135–142. doi: 10.1111/os.12416

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© 2019 The Authors. Orthopaedic Surgery published by Chinese Orthopaedic Association and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Anterior view of human femur demonstrating morphological parameters defined as follows: FHC, femoral head center; FHD, femoral head diameter; FNA, femoral neck axis; FSA, femoral shaft axis; GTH, greater trochanter height; NCDF, distance between the FHC and a plane parallel to the frontal plane containing the projection of the FHC to the FNA; NCVD, vertical distance between the FHC and a plane parallel to transversal plane containing the projection of the FHC to the FNA; NSA, neck‐shaft angle; OSA, absolute offset as the distance between femoral head center (FHC) and femoral shaft axis; OSH, horizontal offset as the projected distance between FHC and FSA to the frontal plane; OSV, vertical offset as the vertical distance between FHC and the plane parallel to transversal plane containing the center of the lesser trochanter. (The femur shape itself was reproduce using the freely available software called Essential Skeleton 4 [3D4Medical.com, LLC], but the defined parameters were indicated and drawn by the authors34.)