Subcellular localization and transcriptional activation analysis of GmBTB/POZ. (A) Subcellular localization was investigated in Arabidopsis protoplasts via confocal microscopy. Images of bright‐field (b, f, j), green fluorescent protein (GFP) fluorescence (green) only (a, e, i), chlorophyll autofluorescence (red) only (c, g, k) and their combination (d, h, l) are shown. Scale bars indicate 10 µm. (B) The open reading frame (ORF) of GmBTB/POZ was amplified into the pGBKT7 (GAL4 DBD) vector to generate the DBD‐GmBTB/POZ constructs. The yeast strain AH109 was transformed with pGBKT7‐53+pGADT7‐T, pGBKT7‐GmBTB/POZ, pGBKT7‐GmWRKY31 and pGBKT7. The transformed cells were grown on synthetic dropout medium without tryptophan [SD (‐Trp)], SD medium without Trp, histidine and adenine [SD (‐Trp/‐His/‐Ade)] and SD medium without Trp, His and Ade but with α‐galactosidase [SD (‐Trp/‐His/‐Ade/α‐gal)] for 3 days at 30 °C. Transcriptional activation was monitored by the detection of yeast growth and performance of an α‐Gal assay. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]