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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Leukoc Biol. 2019 Jan 28;105(4):729–740. doi: 10.1002/JLB.3A0818-329RRR

Figure 3. Plasminogen activation reverses the effects of tPA on LPS-induced cytokine expression.

Figure 3.

(A) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml) or with increasing concentrations (20–500 nM) of plasminogen (Plg) in the absence of LPS for 3 h. (B) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml) alone or together with increasing concentrations (20–500 nM) of Plg for 3 h. (C) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml), LPS plus 12 nM enzymatically-active tPA (EA-tPA), or LPS plus 12 nM EA-tPA and increasing concentrations of plasminogen (Plg) for 3 h. RT-qPCR was performed to compare mRNA expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and CCL2 (mean ± SEM; n = 4–6; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, N.S., not statistically significant; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc analysis). The presented results show “fold increase” in mRNA expression compared with cultures treated with vehicle.