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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Leukoc Biol. 2019 Jan 28;105(4):729–740. doi: 10.1002/JLB.3A0818-329RRR

Figure 4. Plasminogen activation increases cytokine expression.

Figure 4.

(A-D) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml), 12 nM enzymatically-active tPA (EA-tPA) alone, or with EA-tPA and increasing concentrations of plasminogen (Plg) in the absence of LPS for 3 h. Expression of the mRNAs encoding TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and CCL2 was determined (mean ± SEM; n = 3–5; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test). (E, F) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml), Plg (200 nM), EA-tPA (12 nM), EA-tPA plus 200 nM Plg, or vehicle. RT-qPCR was performed to determine mRNA expression of IL-10 and IL-1RA (n=3). The presented results show “fold increase” in mRNA expression compared with cultures treated with vehicle. (G, H) BMDMs were treated with LPS (0.1 μg/ml), EA-tPA (12 nM), EA-tPA plus plasminogen (Plg) (200 nM), or vehicle for 3 h. TNFα protein (pg/ml) and IL-6 protein (pg/ml) in conditioned medium was determined by ELISA (mean ± SEM; n = 3; ***p<0.001; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc analysis).