(A-D) BMDMs were treated for 3 h with 12 nM enzymatically-active tPA (EA-tPA), Plg (200 nM), EA-tPA plus Plg (200 nM), or vehicle in the presence or absence of εACA (10 mM). Expression of the mRNAs encoding TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and CCL2 was determined (mean ± SEM; n = 3–4; *p<0.05, ***p<0.001; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test). (E) BMDMs were treated for 3 h with EA-tPA (12 nM) plus Plg (200 nM), aprotinin alone (33 Unit/ml), or EA-tPA, plasminogen plus aprotinin. RT-qPCR was performed to compare mRNA levels for TNFα (mean ± SEM; n = 4; ***p<0.001; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc analysis). (F) BMDMs were treated for 3 h with the indicated concentrations of pre-activated plasmin (Pm) in the presence or absence of EI-tPA. TNFα mRNA was determined (n=4). The presented results show “fold increase” in mRNA expression compared with cultures treated with vehicle (*p<0.05, **p<0.01; statistical analysis is relative to the vehicle control).