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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Leukoc Biol. 2019 Jan 28;105(4):729–740. doi: 10.1002/JLB.3A0818-329RRR

Figure 9. tPA is not effective in regulating PAR-1-initiated cytokine expression in BMDMs.

Figure 9.

BMDMs were treated for 3 h with PAR-1 agonist peptide/TFLLR (10 μM) alone or simultaneously with enzymatically-active tPA (EA-tPA) or EI-tPA (12 or 24 nM). Separate cultures were treated with RLLFT (10 μM) as a negative control peptide. Expression of the mRNAs encoding TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and CCL2 was determined (mean ± SEM; n = 4; **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, N.S., not statistically significant; one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test). The presented results show “fold increase” in mRNA expression compared with cultures treated with vehicle.