Fig. 6.

AFFOR-Malawi: Observable characteristics, bids, and tree survival. The figure plots correlation coefficients between baseline characteristics and landholder bids (bid rank, where a lower value means a higher bid) in the auction group on the vertical axis and between baseline characteristics and tree survival outcomes in the lottery group on the horizontal axis. Baseline characteristics are measured in SDs of the baseline mean and include education, household size, access to credit, number of fields, number of crops cultivated, any cash crops, distance between fields and crops, casual labor income, participation in labor-sharing groups, past tree planting, past contact with NGO, willingness to try new technologies, and risk aversion.