Table 3.
Diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and ROC analysis, and kappa values of agreement between test methods.
| Axillary temp (>37.5°C) |
Light microscopy | SD Bioline™ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensitivity | % | 74.3 | 94.86 | 95.33 |
| (number/total) | 159/214 | 203/214 | 204/214 | |
| 95%CI | 67.90-80.01 | 90.99-97.41 | 91.57-97.74 | |
|
| ||||
| Specificity | % | 53.77 | 94.34 | 94.34 |
| (number/total) | 57/106 | 100/106 | 100/106 | |
| 95%CI | 43.82-63.51 | 88.09-97.86 | 88.09-97.89 | |
|
| ||||
| NPV | % | 50.89 | 90.09 | 90.91 |
| (number/total) | 57/112 | 100/111 | 100/110 | |
| 95%CI | 43.72-58.03 | 83.61-94.18 | 84.50-94.83 | |
|
| ||||
| PPV | % | 76.44 | 97.13 | 97.14 |
| (number/total) | 159/208 | 203/209 | 204/210 | |
| 95%CI | 72.26-80.17 | 93.96-98.66 | 93.98-98.67 | |
|
| ||||
| ROC analysis | AUC | 0.640 | 0.946 | 0.948 |
| Standard error | 0.032 | 0.012 | 0.012 | |
| 95%CI | 0.585-0.693 | 0.915-0.968 | 0.918-0.970 | |
|
| ||||
| Kappa values | 0.277 | 0.882 | 0.888 | |
Legend. PPV: positive predictive value, NPV: negative predictive value, ROC: receiver operating characteristic curve, AUC: area under the ROC curve, RDT: rapid diagnostic test, and 95CI: 95% confidence interval. Nested PCR considered reference method.