Relation between dietary and circulating linoleic acid (LA) in cholesteryl esters in strata of (A) sex, (B) obesity, (C) diabetes, (D) statin use, and (E) alcohol intake. Least-squares means and 95%CI were adjusted for age, sex, total energy intake, obesity, physical activity, smoking status, fasting status, total serum cholesterol, measurement year, alcohol intake, and prevalent diabetes. When stratified by statin use, total serum cholesterol was not included as adjustment variable in the model.
LA intake ranges (en%): Q1:1.2-3.8, Q3: 4.8-5.9, Q5:7.2-19.3.
P-for-trend <0.001 in all subgroups of sex, obesity, statin use, and prevalent diabetes, and in patients without high alcohol intake; P-for-trend=0.003 in patients with high alcohol intake.
P-values for interaction terms: sex, p=0.60; obesity, p=0.47; diabetes, p=0.79; statin use, p=0.18; alcohol intake, p=0.85.