Figure 1.

Sources of epigenetic modifiers: Availability of epigenetic modifiers, which are used for modification of histones or DNA, is determined by alterations in synthesis or catabolism of metabolites that are derived via glucose and fatty acid oxidation pathways, including the Krebs/TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Ac: Acetyl group, Me: Methyl group, P: Phosphoryl group, Su: Succinyl group, β-hb: β-hydroxybutyryl group, Ma: Malonyl group, *: Other acyl groups, DNMTs: DNA Methyl-transferases, HMTs: Histone Methyl-transferases, DMs: Demethylases, SAM: S-adenosylmethionine. Green color depicts modifications that activate transcription and red color indicates inhibitory effects.