Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of Alaska Native persons with chronic hepatitis B with (n = 52) and without (n = 1167) type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1990–2010
| Diabetes (n = 52) | No diabetes (n = 1167) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (years) | 57.0 | 47.4 | <0.001 |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 34 (65.4%) | 694 (59.5%) | 0.471 |
| Female | 18 (34.6%) | 473 (40.5%) | 0.471 |
| Body mass index, mean (kg/m2) | 34.5 | 28.4 | <0.001 |
| Clinical features | |||
| Highest alanine aminotransferase, mean | 198 | 138 | 0.276 |
| Inactive carrier† | 6 (11.5%) | 185 (15.9%) | 0.558 |
| Immune active carrier‡ | 12 (23.1%) | 225 (19.3%) | 0.477 |
| Alanine aminotransferase >40 and HBV DNA ≤ 2000 | 29 (55.8%) | 470 (40.3%) | 0.03 |
| Cirrhosis§ | 3 (5.8%) | 41 (3.5%) | 0.43 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 2 (3.8%) | 28 (2.4%) | 0.369 |
| Genotype | |||
| A | 5 (9.6%) | 113 (9.7%) | 1.0 |
| B | 3 (5.8%) | 35 (3.0%) | 0.218 |
| C | 1 (1.9%) | 59 (5.1%) | 0.511 |
| D | 23 (44.3%) | 498 (42.7%) | 0.886 |
| F | 7 (13.4%) | 179 (15.3%) | 0.845 |
| Missing | 13 (25.0%) | 283 (24.2%) | — |
| Deceased | |||
| Any cause | 9 (17.3%) | 248 (21.2%) | 0.603 |
| Liver disease | 1 (11.0%) | 12 (4.8%) | 0.407 |
*
P-value: comparison of two means using t-test; comparison of two proportions using Pearson’s chi-square test. With cell counts <5, Fisher’s exact test was applied.
†
Alanine aminotransferase ≤ 40, HBV DNA ≤ 2000.
‡
Alanine aminotransferase >40, HBV DNA >2000.
§
Determined by clinical signs.