Table 3 –

Multivariable Regression coefficients for Sarcopenic Obesity (high/low)

	Sarcopenic Obesity (ALM definition) Present/Absent						Sarcopenic Obesity (ALM:BMI definition) Present/Absent
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Outcome Variable	β ± se	p	β ± se	p	β ± se	p	β ± se	p	β ± se	p	β ± se	p
Non-Fasting
Systolic	1.73±1.06	0.11	2.13±1.03	0.05	2.17±1.03	0.04	2.22±0.88	0.02	2.12±0.93	0.03	2.01±0.95	0.04
Diastolic	0.092±0.76	0.91	0.21±0.74	0.78	−0.033±0.72	0.96	−0.46±0.64	0.48	−0.41±0.65	0.53	−0.132±0.66	0.84
Cholesterol
Total	4.16±2.33	0.08	4.44±2.33	0.06	3.55±2.43	0.15	0.20±2.04	0.92	0.485±2.03	0.81	0.87±1.97	0.66
HDL-C	5.23±0.78	<0.001	5.86±0.76	<0.001	5.56±0.75	<0.001	−1.89±0.53	0.001	−1.06±0.55	0.06	−0.674±0.54	0.22
Triglycerides	−14.4±3.35	<0.001	−16.7±3.33	<0.001	−14.7±3.12	<0.001	14.2±3.54	<0.001	10.8±3.57	0.004	7.80±3.78	0.05
Ln triglycerides	−0.083±0.02	<0.001	−0.101±0.021	<0.001	−0.090±0.02	<0.001	0.099±0.02	<0.001	0.074±0.021	0.001	0.058±0.022	0.01
Glucose	−3.03±1.59	0.06	−2.59±1.65	0.12	−0.673±1.37	0.63	6.35±1.52	<0.001	6.34±1.58	<0.001	4.14±1.32	0.003
Inflammatory
C-reactive protein	0.026±0.04	0.51	0.044±0.04	0.29	0.050±0.041	0.23	0.15±0.04	<0.001	0.164±0.04	<0.001	0.16±0.04	<0.001
Ln crp	−0.061±0.05	0.23	−0.035±0.051	0.50	−0.022±0.05	0.67	0.406±0.052	<0.001	0.422±0.052	<0.001	0.42±0.05	<0.001
Fibrinogen	0.83±4.28	0.85	1.42±4.6	0.76	2.57±4.65	0.59	21.3±4.71	<0.001	22.5±4.82	<0.001	21.26±4.77	<0.001
Fasting Variables
HOMA-IR	−1.16±0.23	<0.001	−1.13±0.21	<0.001	−1.03±0.19	<0.001	1.22±0.75	0.11	1.19±0.76	0.13	1.14±0.71	0.12
HOMA-B	−14.3±6.6	0.04	−11.4±8.00	0.17	−12.05±7.69	0.13	−1.51±16.68	0.93	−1.67±16.9	0.92	−1.72±16.4	0.92
Triglycerides	−8.86±6.28	0.17	−13.8±6.06	0.03	−12.72±5.64	0.03	16.8±6.85	0.02	10.6±6.92	0.14	10.0±6.66	0.14
Ln triglycerides	−0.043±0.033	0.20	−0.074±0.03	0.02	−0.07±0.03	0.02	0.104±0.038	0.011	0.066±0.036	0.08	0.064±0.035	0.08
Insulin	−3.27±0.64	<0.001	−3.33±0.60	<0.001	−3.15±0.54	<0.001	3.04±1.89	0.12	2.92±1.90	0.14	2.76±1.78	0.13
LDL-C	2.03±0.3.03	0.51	2.28±3.10	0.47	1.89±2.92	0.52	−1.07±2.84	0.71	−0.82±2.97	0.79	−1.04±2.71	0.71

All values represented are from multivariable linear regression models (β coefficient ± standard error) with p-values.

Values bolded are considered statistically significant

Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex

Model 2: Model 1 co-variates, race, education, smoking status, arthritis

Model 3: Model 2 co-variates, diabetes, cancer

Abbreviations: ALM: Appendicular lean mass; BMI: body mass index; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA: homeostatic assessment model; IR: insulin resistance; LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol; S-sensitivity; s.e.: standard error.

Natural log transformation was used for triglycerides and C-reactive protein