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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2019 Apr;30(2):219–230. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2018.12.005

Figure 3. Quality of life metrics for patients with VNS.

Figure 3

(A) When examined individually, multiple metrics of QOL show improvement in patients with VNS as rated subjectively by the treating physician. (B) Overall across all 7 subject QOL metrics there was no trend towards improvement over time with increased time of treatment. For A and B, no significant trends over time were observed (F < 11, p > 0.05 per metric, Bonferroni corrected). N = 4666 (0 – 4 months), 3277 (4 – 12 months), 3182 (12 – 24 months), and 1194 (24 – 48 months) patients. QOL, quality of life; VNS, vagus nerve stimulation. (From Englot DJ, Hassnain KH, Rolston JD, et al. Quality-of-life metrics with vagus nerve stimulation for epilepsy from provider survey data. Epilepsy Behav. 2017;66:4–9; with permission.)