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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Comput Educ. 2018 Sep 27;128:284–311. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2018.09.016

Table 4.

Effect of Word Knowledge Calibration on Reading Comprehension

Fixed Effect Coefficient Standard error t-ratio Approx. d.f. p-value
For Intercept, β0
    Fitted Mean Comprehension, γ00 460.884 1.324 347.895 23 <0.001
    Grade, γ01 9.705 1.933 5.020 23 <0.001
For slope, β1
    Knows Knows coefficient, γ10 10.301 1.814 5.678 563 <0.001
For slope, β2
    Knows Kind of Knows, γ20 1.945 2.308 0.843 563 0.400
For slope, β3
    Knows Doesn’t Know, γ30 −4.048 0.979 −4.132 563 <0.001
For slope, β4
    Underestimates, γ40 −4.883 0.978 −4.991 563 <0.001
For slope, β5
    Overestimates, γ50 5.856 1.445 4.051 563 <0.001
Final estimation of variance components
Random Effect Standard Deviation Variance Component d.f. χ2 p-value
INTRCPT1, u0 3.988 15.910 23 34.771 0.055
level-1, r 27.487 755.55
Deviance = 5599.333

Note. Grade is mean centered at 4th grade. Each variable is coded 1 = name of variable. 0 = all others. For example, Knows Knows = 1, all others = 0. See Figure 4 for graphical presentation of results.