TABLE 1.
Characteristics and outcome measures of the study group and differences between the ACT+IMR and ACT-only groups at baseline.
| Measure | Overall |
ACT + IMR |
ACT-only |
Group Difference |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | Test statistic |
P | |
| Race | ||||||||
| White | 53 | 53 | 31 | 60 | 22 | 46 | ||
| Black | 40 | 40 | 16 | 31 | 24 | 50 | ||
| Other | 7 | 7 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 4 | χ2 = 4.26 | .119 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Latino | 16 | 16 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 25 | ||
| Non-Latino | 84 | 84 | 48 | 92 | 36 | 75 | χ2 = 5.56 | .018 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 58 | 59 | 30 | 59 | 28 | 58 | ||
| Female | 41 | 41 | 21 | 41 | 20 | 42 | χ2 = .002 | .961 |
| Marital Status | ||||||||
| Never Married | 71 | 71 | 34 | 65 | 37 | 77 | ||
| Married | 5 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 6 | ||
| Widowed/Divorced | 24 | 24 | 16 | 31 | 8 | 17 | χ2 = 2.84 | .242 |
| Education Level | ||||||||
| < High School | 32 | 33 | 17 | 33 | 15 | 33 | ||
| High School/GED | 38 | 39 | 21 | 40 | 17 | 37 | ||
| > High School | 28 | 28 | 14 | 27 | 14 | 30 | χ2 = .18 | .914 |
| Employment Status | ||||||||
| Working | 17 | 17 | 9 | 18 | 8 | 17 | ||
| Not Working | 82 | 83 | 42 | 82 | 40 | 83 | χ2 = .02 | .897 |
| Living situation | ||||||||
| Shelter/Institution | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 | ||
| Housed | 96 | 95 | 53 | 100 | 43 | 95 | χ2 = 5.81 | .016 |
| Psychiatric Diagnosis | ||||||||
| Psychotic Disorder | 82 | 81 | 39 | 74 | 43 | 90 | ||
| Mood Disorder | 19 | 19 | 14 | 26 | 5 | 10 | χ2 = 4.22 | .040 |
| Substance Use Disorder | ||||||||
| Yes | 61 | 60 | 33 | 62 | 28 | 58 | ||
| No | 40 | 40 | 20 | 38 | 20 | 42 | χ2 .16 | .687 |
| Age (M±SD) | 43.9±11.6 | 43.7±11.7 | 44.2±11.6 | t = .21 | .832 | |||
| Lifetime Hospitalizations (M±SD) | 11.0±9.3 | 10.9±10.3 | 11.0±8.1 | t = .07 | .941 | |||
| Client IMR Scale (M±SD) a | 50.4±8.7 | 48.6±9.6 | 52.6±7.1 | t = 2.34 | .021 | |||
| Clinician IMR Scale (M±SD) a | 45.4±7.6 | 44.6±7.0 | 46.2±8.2 | t = 1.07 | .285 | |||
| BPRS (M±SD)b | 51.2±12.1 | 51.9±12.3 | 50.5±12.0 | t = .56 | .574 | |||
| GAF (M±SD)c | 39.8±10.0 | 40.6±10.4 | 39.8±10.0 | t = .08 | .428 | |||
| DLA-20 (M±SD)d | 4.0±0.9 | 4.0±1.0 | 4.0±0.9 | t = .02 | .983 | |||
| QLS-A (M±SD)e | 2.4±1.0 | 2.3±1.1 | 2.4±0.9 | t = .62 | .538 | |||
| RAS (M±SD)f | 159.3±25.5 | 159.1±23.1 | 159.6±28.2 | t = .08 | .934 | |||
| CIM (M±SD)g | 3.9±0.8 | 3.9±0.7 | 3.9±0.9 | t = .28 | .783 | |||
Cell sizes vary due to missing data or uncommon responses (e.g., Gender = transsexual)
Illness Management and Recovery Scales (client- and clinician-rated). Possible scores range from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating better perceived illness management.
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Possible scores range from 0 to 144, with higher scores indicating greater symptom severity.
Global Assessment of Functioning. Possible scores range from 1 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater levels of global functioning.
Daily Living Activities Scale-20. Possible scores range from 1 to 7 for each item, with higher scores indicating greater levels of independent functioning.
Quality of Life Scale-Abbreviated. Possible scores range from 0 to 6, with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.
Recovery Assessment Scale. Possible scores range from 41 to 205, with higher scores indicating greater levels of improvement and recovery.
Community Integration Measure. Possible scores range from 1 to 5 for each item, with higher scores indicating greater perceived integration.