Table 4.

Effects of Grip Strength on the Four Cognitive Abilities ( SE s within parentheses)

Parameters	Verbal ability ( T -scores)	Spatial ability ( T -scores)	Processing speed ( T -scores)	Memory ( T -scores)
Intercept a	0.078 (0.026)**	0.089 (0.035)*	−0.012 (0.035)	0.080 (0.042)
Slope A b	0.006 (0.004)	−0.002 (0.005)	−0.001 (0.005)	0.007 (0.006)
Slope B b	0.006 (0.003)*	0.009 (0.004)**	0.008 (0.003)*	0.012 (0.004)**

Notes: ^a At 65 years of age.

^b Slope A refers to the slope before age 65, and slope B refers to the slope after age 65.

* p < .05, ** p < .01.