Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants by race
| Overall (N=126,018) | White women (n=114,629) | Black women (n=11,389) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 63±7.2 | 63±7.2 | 61±7.1 | <0.0001 |
| Time to stroke (years) | 8 [4–11] | 8 [4–11] | 7 [4–10] | 0.07 |
| Follow-up among those without stroke (years) | 13 [10–14] | 13 [10–14] | 12 [8–14] | <0.0001 |
| Total Stroke events* | 4,344 | 3934 | 410 | |
| Total mortality, % | 15 | 15 | 13 | <0.0001 |
| Current Smoking, % | 7 | 6 | 11 | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 0.4 [0–3.2] | 0.4 [0–3.2] | 0 [0–0.4] | <0.0001 |
| HEI-2005† | 67±11 | 68±11 | 63±12 | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity (mins/week) | 50 [0–165] | 60 [0–170] | 10 [0–100] | <0.0001 |
| Current hormone therapy Use, % | 47 | 49 | 30 | <0.0001 |
| History of hypertension, % | 36 | 34 | 56 | <0.0001 |
| Current antihypertensive medication, %‡ | 25 | 23 | 46 | <0.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 127±18 | 126±17 | 132±18 | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 75±9.2 | 75±9.1 | 78±9.4 | <0.0001 |
| Cholesterol lowering medication, % | 12 | 12 | 14 | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28±5.9 | 28±5.7 | 31±6.7 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes, % | 5 | 4 | 13 | <0.0001 |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 4 | 4 | 5 | 0.03 |
| Family history of stroke, % | 38 | 38 | 40 | <0.001 |
| Region of residence | <0.0001 | |||
| Northeast | 24 | 25 | 18 | |
| South | 26 | 23 | 47 | |
| Midwest | 23 | 23 | 24 | |
| West | 27 | 29 | 12 | |
| Educational attainment, % | ||||
| <HS diploma | 4 | 3 | 11 | <0.0001 |
| HS diploma | 17 | 17 | 13 | |
| Some college or vocational school | 37 | 37 | 39 | |
| College or Postgrad | 42 | 43 | 37 | |
| Household income, % | <0.0001 | |||
| <$20,000 | 14 | 13 | 27 | |
| $20,000-<$50,000 | 45 | 45 | 43 | |
| $50,000-<$75,000 | 21 | 21 | 18 | |
| $>75,000 | 20 | 21 | 12 | |
| Partnership status, % | ||||
| Never married | 4 | 4 | 6 | <0.0001 |
| Divorced or separated | 15 | 14 | 30 | |
| Widowed | 17 | 16 | 21 | |
| Married/Partnered | 64 | 66 | 42 | |
| Last usual medical care provider visit within last year, % | 80 | 81 | 79 | <0.0001 |
| Treatment arm, % | ||||
| Observational study only | 63 | 63 | 54 | <0.0001 |
| Dietary modification trial only-Active | 12 | 11 | 15 | |
| Dietary modification trial only-Controls | 17 | 17 | 20 | |
| Hormone therapy controls only | 6 | 6 | 6 | |
| E-alone control | 2 | 2 | 4 | |
| E± P control | 4 | 4 | 3 | |
| Hormone therapy controls and dietary modification trial | 3 | 3 | 4 | |
Values are relative frequencies and sample, mean ± std, median [25th-75th percentiles]
t-test, Wilcoxon rank-sum test or Chi-square test used as appropriate on non-missing values
*
Frequency of stroke type by race provided in Table 2;
†
Healthy Eating Index-2005;
‡
Among those with self-reported hypertension