Reaction times during interictal epileptiform activity (IEA) including focal, atypical and typical generalized spike-wave discharges are shown. IEA resulting in lapses or crashes during testing are excluded in calculating the depicted reaction times. Center value = mean, colored box = standard error of the mean, range bar = standard deviation. Reproduced with permission from Nirkko et al., Virtual car accidents of epilepsy patients, interictal epileptic activity, and medication. Epilepsia, 2016, 57(5) 832–840.